Types Of Fisheries

India is the 2nd biggest aquaculture fish producer and the 3rd largest fish producing country globally. India contributes about 7 per cent to world fish production. India is also home to many fish biodiversity, and it is a 17-mega biodiversity-rich country.

Around 40.3 million people were engaged in the primary capture fisheries sector—the country’s largest fish producer in Andhra Pradesh, accompanied by West Bengal and Gujarat. Around a total of 14.16 million metric tonnes of fish production in India takes place in the years 2019-2020. Nearly 62-65 % is from the inland area, and about 50% of the total manufacturing is from subculture fisheries. In around 75 international locations, 50 unique types of fish and shellfish are exported worldwide.

Fish and fishery products from India amounted to 441 billion Indian rupees. It decreased compared to the previous year. Fisheries give employment to 145 million people, contribute nearly 1.07% of the GDP, and generate export earnings of about Rs. 334.41 billion. 

Meaning of Fisheries

Fisheries is an economic recreation that entails any aquatic organism or harvesting fish from the wild or elevating them in confinement. It can also be Small Scale Fisheries (SSF)sustenance/ Traditional or Commercial/ Large-Scale Fisheries for profit.

The producing, distributing and consuming of seafood and fish and all financial aspects of the seafood and fishing industry.

Categorization of Fisheries by their habitat: 

1. Freshwater Fisheries: 

Freshwater Fish spend some or all lives in freshwater, such as lakes and rivers, with a salt of less than 1.05%. Some examples of freshwater fishes are Beluga, Sea lamprey, Tench etc. 

Freshwater contains less than 0.05%salt or less than 1% salt; by some definition, around 40% of all known fish species are found in freshwater. 

Freshwater fisheries may be divided into:-

• Coldwater Fish:- cold water fishes are those fishes that don’t require water to be heated. Example: Rainbow shiner, Goldfish etc.
• Warm water fish:- Warm water fish are those fishes that require tropical or warm water to be at a minimum temperature to be comfortable and healthy. Example: Catfish, bluegills, sunfish etc.

2. Brackish water Fish: 

Brackish water fisheries are also known as coastal aquaculture, and it is rapidly expanding farming activity. Salty water contains less than 3% salt.

Fish can endure a wide range of salinity and live in backwaters, coastal waters and estuaries. Some examples of brackish water fish are Sea Bass, Milkfish, catfish etc.

3. Marine Fish:

Marine fisheries are conducted in all the oceans and seas of the world, including bays and estuaries. Fish that spend most of their lives in seawater, such as Seas and Oceans, have salinity above 30 ppt. About 240 species are contributing to the marine fisheries. 

Example: Seabass, lobster, oysters etc.

4. Shellfish Fisheries:

Shellfish are aquatic invertebrates having an exoskeleton/shell. They can be divided into two categories: Molluscs and Crustaceans.

 Molluscs refer to those animals of an invertebrate of a large phylum which includes snail mussels etc. 

Crustaceans refer to those organisms that have segmented bodies covered with armour-like sections of thin or thick shells and bear jointed appendages.

Types of Fisheries

The industrial fisheries:

An industrial fishery is occasionally described as a fishery for non-food purposes. However, it generally refers to the excessive level of investment, technology and the effect it brings to fisheries.

Small scale Fisheries:

Small scale fisheries can be described as a dynamic and evolving sub-region of fisheries hiring labour intensive harvesting, processing and distribution technologies to make the most inland and marine water fisheries.

Recreational Fisheries:

Recreational fisheries are expressed as fishing of aquatic animals that do not constitute the people a vital resource to meet basic 

dietary desires are no longer customarily offered or otherwise traded on export, domestic or black markets.

Commercial fisheries:

Commercial fisheries are the recreation of catching fish and other seafood and sources from oceans, rivers, and lakes for profit from wild fisheries.

Subsistence fisheries:

Subsistence fishing skill a treaty fishing recreation completely to furnish Fish for non-public or household consumption and does no longer include any fishing resulting or intending or acting to result, directly or in a roundabout way in selling or trading for profit.

Traditional fisheries:

It includes fishing households as adverse to industrial Companies with minimal capital and energy have exceptionally small fishing vessels making quick fishing trips close to shore for nearby consumption.

Conclusion

Population and species are ecosystem components and consume or provide significant fractions of the ecosystem’s production. With the expanding demand for meals Fish, the deficit in size fisheries production, and the exhaustion of mangrove areas reachable for fish pond expansion, aquaculture in the Philippines is heading toward intensification and the utilisation of coastal waters for cage and pen fish farming.

The fish waste products domestically on hand characterise unnecessary protein sources for aquaculture development in South Pacific Countries. Fish is regularly referred to as “Rich Food for Poor People” as it affords necessary nourishment with each macronutrient and micronutrient. Consumption of Fish reduces the chance of autoimmune diseases. Fish contain low-fat, high-quality protein with omega-3 fatty acids and vitamins.