Specific heat capacity of a given solid and liquid

The values of specific heat can be specified in some ways, and they are: When two materials are there, and when each is placed in contact with one another, and both of the materials are originally at a different temperature until the same temperature is achieved by both of the material heat always flows from warmer material into the colder material. Its temperature increases when heat energy is consumed by a substance. The main amount of heat that is needed for raising the temperature of the whole substance by one degree is the heat capacity of a substance. It is known as specific heat capacity or the specific heat when the mass of the substance is unity then the heat capacity. 

The specific heat of the substance:

The quantity of heat that is needed for one gram substance at 1°C is defined as the Specific heat capacity. 

To measure the specific heat of a substance, the following materials are needed:

• A hypsometer
• A Calorimeter
• A Stirrer
• An outer jacket and lid 
• Small pieces of Solid 
• Balance
• A Weight box
• The thermometer of Two half-degree 
• Some Coldwater
• A Clamp stand

Calorimeter

To measure the heat flow of a physical and chemical reaction a device named a calorimeter is used, and the procedure that is used for measuring this heat is referred to as calorimetry. So the main calorimeter contains a container of metal with water above a combustion chamber, to measure the change in water temperature a thermometer is used. 

The Principle of Calorimetry

When a solid and a liquid (mainly two bodies of different temperatures)  are positioned in physical contact with each other until thermal equilibrium is achieved between them the heat is transported from the higher temperature body to the lower temperature body. At the lower temperature heat of a body is absorbed whereas at the higher temperature heat of the body is released. It demonstrates the law of conservation energy, that is, the total heat gained by the cold body is equal to the total heat lost by a hot body. 

The heat gained = The heat lost 

In a system the heat transfer is calculated by using: 

Formula, q=mcΔt

In which, 

• The measure of heat transfer is denoted by q 
• The mass of the body is denoted by m 
• The specific heat of the body is denoted by c, and 
• The change in the temperature is denoted by Δt

Hypsometer:

An instrument that is used for determining the boiling point of water at a given altitude is referred to as the Hypsometer.  

Step-wise Procedure to measure the specific heat of a substance: 

• First step – Note their reading by putting thermometers A and B in a beaker that contains water. To discover the correction applied to thermometer B, allow thermometer A to be a standard. 

• Second step – Into the copper tube of a hypsometer that contains the powder of the given solid settle the thermometer B in it. A sufficient quantity of water should be added before positioning the hypsometer on the burner. 

• Third Step – With the help of a lid and stirrer over it, note the weight of the calorimeter.

• Fourth Step – At the half length of the calorimeter, between 5 to 8℃, put some water in it and weigh it again.

• Fifth Step – Until the temperature of the solid gets steady, keep on heating the hypsometer. 

• Sixth Step – The water that’s in the calorimeter, note its temperature. Stir it slowly and now from the calorimeter to the hypsometer put in some solid powder and record the final temperature of the mixture.

• Seventh Step – Now from the calorimeter eliminate thermometer A. 

• Last Step – Now record the weight of the calorimeter with the help of the lid and contents. 

The Specific Heat of Water:

Without an immediate temperature rise, the water consumes heat. Water can maintain its temperature much longer than other substances. For conserving constant body temperature, this property of water is used in our body. In case the water’s specific heat capacity value is lower, that means that there can be a lot of cases of underheating and overheating. 

Specific Heat Explanation

Cooling down hot water takes a little bit of time. Because the vibrational movement of water molecules slows down, the temperature decreases and the heat is dispersed.

Conclusion:

Its temperature increases when heat energy is consumed by a substance. It is known as specific heat capacity or the specific heat when the mass of the substance is unity then the heat capacity. The quantity of heat that is needed for one gram substance at 1°C is defined as the Specific heat capacity. To measure the heat flow of a physical and chemical reaction a device named a calorimeter is used. 

Calorimetry’s principle demonstrates the law of conservation energy, that is, the total heat gained by the cold body is equal to the total heat lost by a hot body. Formula, q = mcΔt. For conserving constant body temperature, this property of water is used in our body. Until the same temperature is achieved by both of the materials heat always flows from warmer material into the colder material.