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JEE Main 2026 Preparation: Question Papers, Solutions, Mock Tests & Strategy Unacademy » JEE Study Material » Physics » Mu naught value

Mu naught value

in this article, we are going to learn about mu naught (μ0) value i.e magnetic permittivity, magnetic permittivity formula, factors that affect magnetic permittivity etc.

Table of Content
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In electromagnetism, permeability is a measure of the amount of magnetization that a material acquires as a result of being exposed to a magnetic field. The Greek letter μ is commonly used to signify permeability in mathematical notation. Oliver Heaviside created the phrase in September 1885, and it has been in use ever since. It is possible to think of magnetic reluctance as the inverse of permeability. It is denoted by the symbol (mu), and it refers to a material’s ability to allow magnetic lines of force to travel through it, or the quantity of magnetic flux that a material is capable of allowing to pass through it. Nevertheless, in order to describe magnetic permeability, we must first understand magnetic field strength/magnetic field induction (also known as magnetic induction or just magnetic induction), which is denoted by the letter ‘B,’ and magnetic field intensity, which is denoted by the letter ‘H.’ Magnetic induction (B), also known as magnetic flux density, is the force experienced by a unit positive charge traveling with a velocity perpendicular to the magnetic field. Magnetic induction (B) is measured in gauss units.

What is mu naught? 

Magnetic permeability is a property of a material that indicates how well that material resists the development of a magnetic field. In the context of magnetization, it can be described as a relative rise or reduction in the resultant magnetic field (M.F.) inside any material when compared to the magnetizing field in which the material is placed. It is possible to write the magnetic permeability definition as the property of a material that is equal to the magnetic flux density B established within the material by a magnetizing field that has been split into the magnetic field intensity H of the magnetizing field. Magnetic Permeability is defined as the relationship between magnetic induction and magnetic intensity.  A measure of a material’s ability to resist the development of a magnetic field is known as its magnetic field resistance. Oliver Heaviside invented the term “Magnetic Permeability” in 1885 to describe how magnetic fields can pass through materials. Magnetic permeability is a quality of a material that, in essence, permits magnetic lines of force to pass through it without being blocked. 

Magnetic permittivity formula 

Permeability of Magnetic Fields Formula is represented by the symbol  (pronounced mu) and can be expressed as µ = B/H, where B denotes the magnetic flux density of a material. The magnetic flux density is defined as a concentration of magnetic field lines of magnetic flux per unit cross-sectional area and H denotes the permeability of the material. When electric current flows through a wire or coil, the magnetic field strength (H) is measured. H is the strength of the magnetizing field created by the current flow. Magnetic Permeability is measured in S.I. units of permeability. The magnetic permeability unit in the International System of Units (SI) is known as Henries per meter (H/m), which can also be written as newtons per ampere square.

Factors that affect magnetic permittivity 

The Influence of Various Factors on Magnetic Permeability. The following are the factors that have an impact on magnetic permeability-  

  • Humidity and the nature of the material.

  •  The temperature at a certain location in the material. 

The frequency with which the applied force is applied Magnetic Field (Magnetic permeability is normally positive, but it can vary depending on the magnetic field strength. In contrast to magnetic permeability, magnetic reluctivity is a property of magnetism.)

What is Complex Permeability and how does it work? 

Complex permeability is a useful tool for dealing with high-frequency magnetic effects since it is easy to calculate. At low frequencies in a linear material, it has been discovered that the auxiliary magnetic field and the magnetic field are proportional to each other through some scalar permeability, and at high frequencies, it has been discovered that these quantities react to each other with some lag time, and this is known as the lag time effect.

Conclusion 

In electromagnetism, permeability is a measure of the amount of magnetization that a material acquires as a result of being exposed to a magnetic field. Magnetic reluctance is the inverse of permeability and refers to a material’s ability to allow magnetic lines of force to travel through it. Oliver Heaviside invented the term “Magnetic Permeability” in 1885 to describe how magnetic fields can pass through materials. Magnetic permeability is a quality of a material that, in essence, permits magnetic lines of force to pass through it without being blocked.

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Get answers to the most common queries related to the IIT JEE Examination Preparation.

What is the magnetic permittivity formula, and how does it work?

Ans. μ= B/H is the ratio of the magnetic intensity in the medium to the magnetic intensity in the magnetizing....Read full

What exactly is the permittivity of a magnet?

Ans. According to the definition, permittivity refers to the amount of resistance a material creates in the developm...Read full

What is the difference between permeability and permittivity?

Ans. Permittivity and permeability are two separate measures of electromagnetism that are used in conjunction with o...Read full

What is Epsilon not?

Ans. When you write Epsilon Naught in Greek, it means the permittivity of free space, which is also called the absol...Read full

What is Mu naught?

Ans. Mu naught or μ0 is the permeability constant, which is also ...Read full

Ans. μ= B/H is the ratio of the magnetic intensity in the medium to the magnetic intensity in the magnetizing.

Ans. According to the definition, permittivity refers to the amount of resistance a material creates in the development of an electric field, whereas the definition of permeability refers to a material’s ability to enable magnetic lines to conduct through it. The permittivity is represented by the symbol ε, whereas the permeability is represented by the symbol μ.

Ans. Permittivity and permeability are two separate measures of electromagnetism that are used in conjunction with one another. Permittivity is a property of a substance that gauges its ability to store energy within the material. According to the definition given above, permeability refers to a material’s ability to support the creation of a magnetic field within itself.

Ans. When you write Epsilon Naught in Greek, it means the permittivity of free space, which is also called the absolute permittivity or electric constant, and it’s written with the Greek letter ∈0. If you look at Epsilon Naught at any point in space, it’s the same.

Ans. Mu naught or μ0 is the permeability constant, which is also known as the permeability of free space or the magnetic constant. It is the same thing. It is called the Mu naught value, and it tells how much resistance there is to the formation of a magnetic field in an empty space.

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