Longitudinal Strain

There is an axial deformation in the length of a body whenever it is subjected to an axial tensile or compressive load. Longitudinal Strain is the ratio of axial deformation to the original length of the body.

Strain

Strain is the amount of distortion that an object undergoes as a result of the application of stress. Whenever an external force is applied to a solid, stress is simply the internal force created per unit area within the solid. Strain is a measurement of the amount of distortion which occurs on an object as a result of force.

In physics, a rigid body is a theoretical solid that deforms to zero no matter how much force is applied. Actual solids are not perfectly rigid, and they flex if we apply force on them. The quantity of deformation created is determined by the material’s composition and the amount of stress produced within the solid.

Strain is defined as the ratio of a body’s change in dimension to its initial dimension before the compressing force was applied. It is a physical quantity which measures an object’s deformation.

Strain is a term used in physical sciences and engineering to explain how elastic, flexible, and fluid materials deform or change shape and size in response to applied forces. Deformation (strain) occurs all across the material as the particles (molecules, atoms, and ions) that make up the material are somewhat moved from their normal location.

Strain Formula

The ratio of distortion induced in the dimensions of a material to its original dimensions is referred to as strain. As strain is a change in shape and size from a given body’s original shape and size, strain can be expressed as:

Strain=Change in dimensioninitial dimension

Types of Strain

Types of strain are given as:

 Lateral Strain

Lateral strain occurs when a deforming force causes a change in the length of a given body which is perpendicular to the force direction.

Volumetric Strain

The strain induced in the body is called Volumetric strain whenever the deforming force causes a change in the volume of the provided body. It’s the ratio of a body’s change in volume to its original volume.

Volumetric strain=dVV

Shearing Strain

The Shearing strain occurs if a deforming force causes a change in the shape of a body without causing a change in its volume. It’s the angular displacement of a plane parallel to a fixed surface. Shearing strain is the angle in radians by which a force is moved when tangential stress is applied.

Shear strain=θ=∆LL

Longitudinal Strain

The strain generated in the body is called longitudinal strain whenever the deforming force causes a change in the length of the given body in the direction of force. It’s the ratio of a body’s change in length to its original length.

Longitudinal strain=ε=L

Unit of Strain

Strain is the ratio of the change in dimension, that might be the length, area, or volume of a given body, to the initial dimension of the body under the influence of external force. The strain is a dimensionless quantity with no unit because it is the ratio of two values with the same dimensions and units.

Longitudinal strain

The strain is called longitudinal strain when the length of a body changes as a result of the applied force. It is the proportion of a body’s change in length to its original length. The change in length per unit length is used to calculate it. Torsion strain is another name for this type of strain.

It is defined as the change in the length of an object relative to its original length. It is designated by the Greek character epsilon and is caused by longitudinal tension.

Assume that a body’s starting length is L.

The length change as a result of the applied force = I  (Figure)

 Longitudinal strain=I

The associated strain is called tensile strain when the length increases due to tensile tension. Compressive strain occurs when the length reduces as a result of compressive tension. The longitudinal strain is calculated as a function of variations in line lengths.

It’s crucial to understand their activity on a microscopic level. The capped-end effect strain, generated by the longitudinal pressure differential in the capped end, and the Poisson’s ratio effect strain, caused by the contributions of the hoop and radial stresses, make up the longitudinal strain obtained from the pressure load.

The strain is defined in mechanics as the ratio of a body’s change in dimension to its initial dimension whenever it is deformed. Intermolecular forces keep each atom or molecule in equilibrium when it is surrounded by nearby atoms or molecules. 

Conclusion 

The quantity of distortion that an object experiences as a result of stress is known as strain. If a solid is subjected to an external force, stress is defined as the internal force created per unit area within the solid. Strain is a unit of measurement for the amount of distortion caused by force on an item.

The strain is called longitudinal strain when the length of a body changes as a result of the applied force. It is the proportion of a body’s change in length to its original length.

Longitudinal strain=∆LL