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Density
A material’s density is defined as the density of that material in a given area. The material’s density relates to its mass per unit volume. It’s a measurement of how closely matter particles are packed together in general. The density principle was proposed by Archimedes. The density of various materials varies.
Formula of Density
The formula for calculating an object’s density is:
ρ = m/v
Here,
ρ = Density of an object
m = Mass
v = Volume
Solids are denser than liquids and gases because their particles are closely packed with very little space between them. Because the particles in liquids are not firmly packed, they are less dense than solids, but they are denser than gases, which contain free-flowing particles.
SI Unit of Density
Every substance has a different density. The density of water, 1 gram per cubic centimetre, is widely used as a benchmark for estimating the density of various substances. Kilograms per cubic metre (kg/m3) is the SI unit used to measure density.
Although the SI unit of density is kg/m3, we choose to use g/cm3, g/ml, and g/L for solids, liquids, and gases.
Applications of Density
Let’s suppose you have two balloons, one filled with air and the other with coke. Because its atoms move around less and take up less space, Coke is significantly denser. In an air balloon, on the other hand, the atoms collide very quickly and hence take up more space or have a lower density. As a result, the air-filled balloon is light, while the coke-filled balloon is heavy. Density can also be used in the following ways:
Life Tubes: In general, density is significant in a variety of applications. Life tubes are one such application. Life tubes are meant to float in water and protect individuals from drowning while swimming and can be found in swimming pools or on beaches. Because life tubes are filled with air rather than water, they float.
Ships: Ships are another example of a real-world application of density. Ships are designed with ballast tanks to hold air, allowing them to float in water. These tanks provide a huge volume for a small bulk, lowering the ship’s density. When the lower density of the ship is paired with the buoyant force, the ship is able to float on water.
Example of Density
Dense materials include lead, iron, and platinum. High-density materials are more difficult to work with and are more “likely” to feel heavy.
Sparse materials, such as aluminium, glass, and bamboo, are the polar opposites of dense materials.
Solids have a higher density than liquids, while liquids have a higher density than gases. The particles in solids are closely packed, which explains this. The particles in liquids are loose and can slide across each other, whereas the particles in gases are loose and free to move around.
Volume
Volume is a fundamental physical quantity in physics. The 3-dimensional extent of a body or thing is indicated by volume, which is an acquired quantity. The unit is most commonly used to specify the volume of items or liquids.
Example of Volume
A matter’s space can be solid, liquid, gas, plasma, or some other space-immersing shape. The capacity of a vessel (container) is considered to be the amount of liquid (fluid), gas, or liquid (fluid) that the vessel can hold, rather than the amount of space that the vessel itself displaces, such as buoyant force in water.
SI unit Volume
The capacity is measured by volume. As a result, the SI unit of volume is a measurement unit for the capacity or amount of an object, body, or space. The metric unit m3 is most commonly used to express the volume of stuff or fluids (liquid).
Volume of a Solid
Fluid displacement can be used to determine the volume of a solid, whether it is regular or irregularly shaped.
When calculating the volume of a gas, the displacement of a liquid is employed. The volume of two substances combined is always bigger than the volume of one material alone (liquid or gas). However, sometimes one material dissolves in the other, and the combined Volume is not additive in these circumstances.
Volume and Thermodynamics
The extensive variables to express the state’s thermodynamic state are the volume of a system.
The specific volume is a very important property.
Density vs Volume
Density | Volume |
The amount of matter in an object is measured. | Measures how much space an object takes up in three dimensions. |
Kilograms per cubic metre are the units of measurement. | Measured in cubic meters |
A three-dimensional object’s density is made up of two parts: mass and volume. | A shape’s volume is determined by three factors: length, width, and height. |
Density is an Intensive property. | Volume is an Extensive property. |
Conclusion
At a particular temperature and pressure, the volume of a substance is proportional to the amount of the substance present. Volumetric glassware, such as the volumetric flask and graduated cylinder, can be used to measure the volume of a substance.
At a particular temperature and pressure, a substance’s density indicates how much of it fills a certain volume. The density of a substance can be used to define it. Water is unique in that when it freezes, its solid form (ice) is less dense than liquid water and hence floats on top of it.
