Preparation of Sulphide

The chemical formula of Sulphide is S2- and it does not consist of less than one s2- ion. The molar mass of Sulphide is 32.06 g.mol-1. It is proved that many ores made up of metal are termed as minerals by nature but they also occur as Sulphides. For example, pyrite has a chemical formula which is FeS2 which is referred to as iron’s Sulphide. Many other examples are mercury, zinc, silver etc. 

There are 3 classes of Sulphides which are Inorganic Sulphides, Organic Sulphides and Phosphine Sulphides. The other name of Sulphide is Sulfanilamide, which is used very rarely and is not used in common and the conjugate acid of Sulphide is Bisulphite. 

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SULPHIDES

The chemical properties of sulphides are as follows:

• The sulphide ion or the S2- has no existence in wet alkaline solutions which is Na2S. So, the sulphides can now be transformed into hydrosulphide which shows:

S2- + H2O → SH– + OH–

• When it is mixed with an acid, then the sulphide salts get transformed into hydrogen sulphide which shows:

S2- + H+→SH– 

SH– + H+ → H2S

• The process of oxidation of sulphides is a tough process that completely depends upon the conditions so that it can make polysulfides, sulfite or sulphate etc. sulphides which are made up of metals bring changes with the halogens, which leads to the production of Sulphur and Metal Salt. 

8MgS + 8l2 → S8 + 8Mgl2 

CLASSES OF SULPHIDES

There are generally 3 classes of Sulphides which are as follows:

1. Inorganic sulphides

2. Organic sulphides

3. Phosphine sulphides

INORGANIC SULPHIDES

Inorganic sulphides refer to all those combinations of ions which show negative ions. We can also conclude that these refer to all those combinations of ions that are very weak acids of hydrogen sulphide. 

ORGANIC SULPHIDES

Organic sulphides refer to the entire atoms which are of Sulphur that make a non-polar bond with 2 organic groups. The other name for Organic Sulphides is Thioethers. 

PHOSPHINE SULPHIDES

Phosphine Sulphides refer to all those sulphides which are made by the reaction of Phosphines which is organic with Sulphur. They are of no colour i.e. colourless. An example of a phosphine sulphide is triphenylphosphine sulphides. 

PREPARATION OF SULPHIDES

Sulphides can be prepared in many ways:

1. By directly mixing of elements, let’s take an example:

Fe(s) + S(s) → FeS(s)

2. By reducing the amount of sulphate, let’s take an example:

MgSO4(s) + 4C(s) → MgS(s) + 4CO (g)

3. By making insoluble sulphides goes through precipitation, let’s take an example:

M2+ + H2S (g) →MS (g) + 2H+(aq)

EXAMPLES OF SULPHIDES

Some of the examples of Sulphides are as follows:

• H2S which is referred to as hydrogen Sulphide is a bad gas and is very toxic. It has got a very bad smell like rotten eggs and the melting point is -85.7℃ and the boiling point is -60.20℃. 

• CDS is referred to as Cadmium Sulphide and it is used in photocells the melting point of cadmium Sulphide is 1750℃. 

• CS2 which is referred to as carbon disulphide is the predecessor of organosulfur compounds. It has a melting point of -111.6℃ and a boiling point of 46℃.

• PBS which is referred to as lead sulphide and is helpful in infrared sensors and has a melting point of 111.4℃. 

CONCLUSION

All the sulphide minerals are very important as they are the main source for the formation of many metals which are gold, silver etc, they are even used to make copper, lead, zinc etc. there are 3 classes of sulphides which are very important as they give us an idea of their nature and the 3 classes of sulphides are Inorganic sulphides, Organic sulphides and Phosphine sulphides. Sulphides are an essential element that is made from sulphur as sulphur is an important element for the survival of life. Sulphur does not have any smell, it is odourless and it has been found since ancient times.