State and District level institutions of Disaster Management

The disaster management act established in 2005 allows the formation of the National disaster management authority(NDMA). The State disaster management authorities (SDMA) with the Chief Minister as the chairperson is responsible for the state-level action plan during a disaster. While the District level institutions are led by the Collector. It is responsible for planning and executing the plan at the district level.

State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA)

• The DM Act, 2005 provides for the establishment of SDMAs and DDMAs in all Indian states and Union Territories
• Except for Gujarat and Daman & Diu, the remaining have established SDMAs under the DM Act, 2005
• Gujarat has set up its SDMA under Gujarat State Disaster Management Act, 2003. Diu and Daman have likewise settled SDMAs preceding the order of DM Act 2005                                                                                                                                                          Functions of SDMA: Framing of a Disaster Management Policy and the arrangement of the SDMA Plan, assessing the readiness, avoidance, moderation, and limit building measures in the State. Activities of SDMA: Implementation of the preparedness, prevention, mitigation, and capacity-building programmes in the State.                                                                                                                         State Executive Committee (SEC):

• Section 20 of the Act provides for the establishment of a State Executive Committee to be chaired by the Chief Secretary of the state government with four other secretaries of such departments as the state government may think fit.
• It is responsible for coordinating and supervising the National Policy, the National Plan, and the State Plan.

District level Institutions

• District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA)

• • Section 25 of the DM Act envisages the establishment of DDMA for every district of a state

The District Collector/Commissioner goes about as the Chairperson and a chosen illustrator of the nearby body proceeds as Co-Chairman. Besides, in the ancestral regions, the Chief Executive Member of the District Council of Autonomous District goes about as Co-Chairman. 

The District collector is answerable for arrangements, coordination, and execution of calamity management. The District Authority is additionally engaged to assess the development in the area, authorise wellbeing guidelines, sort out alleviation measures and react to the debacle at the zonal level.

The DDMA encourages the involvement of non-governmental organisations and voluntary social-welfare institutions working at the grassroots level in the locale for calamity prevention, guaranteeing correspondence frameworks are all together, and the board drills are completed occasionally.

• Block-level disaster management authority

The nodal officer leads the block level disaster management committee. It assists the block level administration to come up with a  management plan accordingly.

• Village-level disaster management authority

Sarpanch/ Village head leads the village disaster management authority. It teams with local bodies to take action in case of disaster. Both block and village level disaster management authorities are the immediate authority to respond to disastrous events.

       Conclusion

The institutional setup for disaster management is classified into four levels namely centre, state, district, and local. However, the structure of the established authorities includes relevant government, departments, and ministries.