SP Full Form

The abbreviation SP could mean a lot of things. If related to politics, the full form of SP is Samajwadi Party which is a political party of India located in New Delhi. In Mathematics, SP means the selling price of an article. Also, the full form of SP is the Superintendent of Police. 

SP or superintendent of police is the chief of the police force of a district. In metropolitan areas like Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore and Hyderabad, the head of the district police is known as the Deputy Commissioner of Police, holding the rank of Superintendent of Police. 

The police force of smaller districts is headed by the Superintendent of Police whereas the police force of metropolitan and highly populated districts is headed by the senior Superintendent of Police.

SP

The large urban or rural areas of smaller districts are also headed by the Superintendent of Police. Being the officers of the Indian Police Service, the Senior Superintendents of Police are responsible for maintaining law and order. They are also endowed with the issues related to the metropolitan district of a state or union territory of India. The officers of the superintendent of police are always helped by their junior officers.

Various Headquarters are led by the SSPs. The full form of SSP is the Senior Superintendent of Police. At the district level itself, all the laws of the state are executed. The district plays an important role in both the police administration and the civil administration equally. Thus, an IAS officer, the district collector, is entrusted with the civil administration in the district whereas an SP or the Superintendent of Police looks after the police administration in the district.

The collector is in overall in-charge of the district administration but the operational autonomy is enjoyed to a large extent by the SP and his junior officers.

The Superintendent of Police is entitled to take preventive steps in order to maintain peace and calm in the district. He or she assesses the requirements and makes enough police arrangements for various situations like controlling crowds during the fairs, festivals, elections and any kind of violent communal or political conflicts.

The Superintendent of Police is entrusted with the maintenance of the district’s law and order. He is answerable to the range in-charge, the DIG and to the IGP or DGP at the state headquarters for the hard work, morality and discipline of the police force in the district.

Role of SPs

The Superintendent of Police supervises the functions of the head of the

• District police lines 
• District crime bureau 
• District special branch 
• District traffic branch and
• District prosecution branch.

The SP plays his or her part in direct association and cooperation with the administrative seniors at the range and state headquarters.

The Superintendent of Police represents the district police organisation. Being a member of the IPS, he or she employs a great amount of authority and stature in the whole district. The full form of IPS is the Indian Police Service. It provides higher level leadership to police forces both in the state and at the centre.

The Superintendent of Police looks after the problems of law and order, and the administration of crime in the district under the direction of the DM. The full form of DM is District Magistrate, an IAS officer who is in charge of the basic unit of district administration in India. The full form of IAS is Indian Administrative Service.

Being the chief Intelligence Officer of the district, the Superintendent of Police collects information from the lower levels and communicates his/her supervision with the superiors of the district police personnel system.

He or she looks after the service conditions of the junior police employees working under him or her.

The SP is responsible for the following-

• Collection of special intelligence
• Handling of political and communal disputes of brutal nature
• Superintendence and control of traffic
• The police stations look forward to the SP for his or her order, counsel and action as well as the state government operates through him or her
• In order to avoid any kind of breach of peace in the district, the SP may advise the collector to carry out prohibitive orders or even press curfew if the situation arises

Conclusion

The Superintendent of Police is responsible for controlling the crime incidents in the district through effective patrolling by the police forces, investigation of serious crimes, making and receiving reports about the criminal cases, administrative supervision of his subordinates to keep constant surveillance, take preventive measures and maintain updated records of culprits in the district. 

The SP is also obliged to visit the crime scenes soon after their occurrence and supervises in person. He or she is also responsible for police welfare projects and provision of incentives to his juniors for better performance, organisation of sports, tournaments, annual get together and special meets in order to keep the district force in high spirits. Overall, the SP is endowed with the responsibility of maintaining amiable police-public relations by the democratic country.