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The Non-cooperation movement was organised by Mahatma Gandhi and was an unsuccessful attempt in 1920. The main motto was to abolish the British Government of India from the land of India. It was considered to be the first organised act of Gandhi and was a mass movement. The study is going to discuss the cause of the non-cooperation movement, the reason why Gandhi started this movement and many more.
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Non-Cooperation Movement
This movement is called a mass movement and the leader of this movement was Mahatma Gandhi. This movement was a peaceful and non-violent movement and was a protest against the British government. The Indian National Congress launched this movement in the Calcutta session. This movement signified a new chapter in the history of India’s freedom struggle. The massacre of Jallianwala Bagh was the cause of launching this revolt and was called off because of the Chauri Chaura incident. The movement acquired some features of it like people were asked to boycott foreign goods and use only goods that were made in India.
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Why did Gandhi Start Non-Cooperation Movement?
There was a strong relationship between the non-cooperation movement and Mahatma Gandhi. This person was the main force behind this movement. In March 1902, a manifesto was issued by the man declaring the doctrine of the non-violent non-cooperation movement. The thinking of Gandhi through this manifesto was:
- People adopt swadeshi habits including weaving and spinning
- People adopt swadeshi principles
- Work from untouchability abolition from society
This movement took a significant place as March across the nation to explain the tenets of the movement is done by the leader. The reason behind this movement was to accept the Swadeshi materials.
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Causes of Non-Cooperation Movement
Various causes like the Home Rule Movement set the stage for the non-cooperation movement. The Khilafat movement was another cause of this movement. Due to World War I, there was an economic crisis and it was another reason behind this movement. The massacre of Jallianwala Bagh and Rowlatt Act was also the reasons behind this movement. The tough rules of the British government in India are behind this movement.
What were the Reasons for Calling Off the Non-Cooperation Movement?
The mass movement was called off by its leader Mahatma Gandhi. The rise of the Chauri Chaura incident was the main reason behind the ending of this movement. A violent mob set fire to a police station and more than twenty police were killed. Gandhi called off the movement by saying that people were not ready for revolting against the government through ahimsa. The history of this movement also says that other leaders like C R Das and Motilal Nehru were against the suspension of this movement.
Features of the Non-Cooperation Movement
This movement was a peaceful protest against the British government by Indian people. As a result of that, people were asked to resign from their government jobs. People were also asked to withdraw their children from government-controlled colleges or schools. The important feature of this movement was people were told to refuse foreign goods and instead use goods that are made in India. It was also ordered to not serve the British army. The elections and the legislative councils were also asked to boycott. The plan was also made in regard to this factor, if the above steps have any effect, then people will not pay taxes.
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Significance of Non-Cooperation Movement
The movement had its own significance as it was a truly mass movement. According to Gandhi, Swaraj was not something that can be achieved in one year. An open protest through peaceful means against the British government took place. The significance of this movement was that the participation of both Muslims and Hindus can be seen. The popularity of the Congress party among people was established through this movement. As a result of this particular movement, people became aware of their political rights. The mill owners got a profit as a result of this movement as boycotts of British goods were the main motto of this movement.
Conclusion
The non-cooperation movement is a movement that was launched by the Indian National Congress. The leader of this movement was Mahatma Gandhi and in the Calcutta session, the idea was drawn. The study shows that it was a signified chapter of the history of Indian freedom struggle. The significance of this movement is that it gave focused on the use of Indian goods in lieu of British goods. This history also says that the incident of Chauri Chaura is the cause of ending this movement.
