Synechococcus Sp. Pcc 7002 to Boost Biofuel Production

Synechococcus is a key component of a bacterial autotrophic picoplankton found in temperate and tropical waters. The species was initially classified as “tiny single celled cyanobacteria having oval to cylindrical cells which replicate via binary transverse fission inside a single plane & lacking sheaths” when it was first reported in 1979. The genus Synechococcus was originally determined by the presence of said accessory pigmentation phycoerythrin, which was then separated in subgroups based on genetic variation. Synechococcus marine variants are coccoid cells with a diameter of 0.6 to 1.6 m. Gram-negative cells having properly organized cell walls and projections at the surface. Phosphate inclusion, glycogen granules, &, most critically, phosphate inclusions are regularly discovered using electron microscopy. 

Biofuel Production Boost Using Synechococcus Sp. Pcc 7002

• Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 was effectively engineered, resulting in a faster rate of growth & sugar (glycogen) contents. The development of the cell was twice when cultured on air, as well as the glucose contents of a cell rose by around 50%
• Biotechnological operations, including such biofuel generation, depends upon the existence of a low-cost, long-term supply of sugars as well as a nitrogen source. Photosynthesis is indeed the conversion of atmospheric carbon dioxide into living elements such as carbohydrates, proteins, & lipids by plants
• By absorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide, cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) may undertake photosynthesis & create sugar. Aside from providing a greater sugar yield, cyanobacterial biomass also delivers nitrogen in the form of protein amino
• A typical marine cyanobacterium is Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002. This research might be expanded to include all Synechococcus species & similar organisms
• The current discovery will aid inside the economic viability of ocean cyanobacteria-based sugar industry &, as a result, biofuel generation

Biodiesel Plant 

Biodiesel is a kind of diesel fuel made from long-chain fatty acids and glycerol obtained from plants or animals. Transesterification is indeed a chemical reaction that produces a methyl, ethyl, or propyl ester by combining lipids including such animal fat (tallow), soy, or another vegetable oil with only alcohol.

Biodiesel is indeed a drop-in biofuel, which means it really is compatible with current diesel engines & distribution infrastructure, unlike with the vegetable & waste oils used to power modified diesel engines. However, because most engines cannot operate off pure Biodiesel without modification, it is commonly combined with Petro-diesel (usually to the less than 10%). Heating oil may be made from biodiesel mixes.

Biofuel From Micro-Organism

Scientists now at Center For International for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology (ICGEB) have developed a way to enhance the growth rate & sugar content of a marine microbe named Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002. This might help the biofuel industry.

The access to low and long-term supplies of sugars as well as a nitrogen source is critical for most biotechnological operations, including biofuel generation. Sugars are usually derived from plants. Photosynthesis is a process in which plants use light energy to transform atmospheric carbon dioxide into living components including such carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.

Some bacteria, including such cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), may undertake photosynthesis & create sugar by fixing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Sugar yields from cyanobacteria might be far higher than those from land-based crops. Furthermore, unlike plant-based carbohydrates, cyanobacterial biomass contains proteins, which offer a nitrogen supply.

Conclusion

Except for in samples from Antarctica’s McMurdo Sounds & Ross Ice Shelf, Synechococcus has been found in densities ranging from several cells through 106 cells per ml in practically all locations of an oceanic euphotic zone. In nutrient-rich conditions, cells are far more common than that in oligotrophic environments, & they favour the higher, well-lit region of a euphotic zone. Synechococcus has been discovered in great abundance in low salinity and/or low temperature conditions. In all settings where species co-occur, Prochlorococcus frequently outnumbers it. Zones with persistently increased nutrients, like upwelling areas & coastal watersheds, were exceptions to this norm. 

Synechococcus is constantly found in nutrient-depleted parts of the seas, like the central gyres, and only at low quantities, varying from one few to 4103 cells per ml. Synechococcus is normally very fairly spread all through the transition region vertically, with a preference for higher-light locations. Cell concentrations quickly decrease underneath the mixed layer. Hydrologic circumstances have a big impact on vertical profiles, & they can vary a lot both seasonally & regionally. Synechococcus abundance inside the water column frequently matches that of Prochlorococcus.