Some Natural Phenomena (Earthquakes)

A Natural Phenomenon is whatever happens all alone in nature with no sort of human intercession like Weather, disintegration and so forth Lightning and tremors are additionally normal peculiarities and are damaging  in nature.

Earthquakes:

A seismic tremor is an abrupt shaking or shuddering of the Earth which goes on for an extremely brief time frame. It is brought about by an aggravation somewhere inside the Earth’s crust. Quakes can cause floods, avalanches and waves. A significant tidal wave happened in the Indian Ocean on 26 December 2004. 

Causes of an Earthquake: The tremors are caused by the disturbance deep down inside the uppermost layer of the Earth called the crust. Crust is not in one piece. Each fragment of it is called a plate. These plates are in continual motion.

• At the point when these plates brush past each other, or a plate goes under one more because of a crash, they cause aggravation in the Earth’s covering.
• It is this aggravation that appears as a quake on the outer layer of the Earth. 
• Quakes on the Earth can likewise be caused when a fountain of liquid magma emits, or a meteor hits the Earth, or an underground atomic explosion is completed. 
• Be that as it may, most quakes are brought about by the development of Earth’s plates

The regions in India and Lightning effects: 

The limits of the plates are the feeble zones where tremors are bound to happen and are otherwise called seismic or fault zones. In India, regions which are not safe are Kashmir, Western and Central Himalayas, the entire North-East, Rann of Kutch, Rajasthan and the Indo–Gangetic Plain.

Measuring Earthquake: The power of an earthquake is expressed in terms of a magnitude on a scale called the Richter scale. Damaging quakes have magnitudes higher than 7 on the Richter scale. Both Bhuj (2001) and Kashmir (2005) earthquakes had magnitudes greater than 7.5. The magnitude scale is logarithmic, which is an important fact to remember. According to the USGS, it is “comparing amplitudes of waves on a seismogram, not the strength or energy of the quakes.” This explains why, while the size (amplitude) differences between small and large quakes are significant, it is the strength (energy) differences that are significant.

• The Richter scale is not linear. This implies that a seismic tremor of magnitude
•  6 doesn’t have one and half times the destructive energy of a quake of magnitude 4. 
• Indeed, an expansion of 2 in magnitude implies multiple times more destructive energy. 
• Consequently, a seismic tremor of magnitude 6 has multiple times more destructive energy than a quake of size 4. 
• The quakes produce waves on the outer layer of the Earth. These are called seismic waves and the measuring instrument is seismographic.

Conclusion: 

A natural phenomenon, as the name implies, is an event that occurs naturally and is not the result of human intervention. Volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, rain, thunder, and lightning are a few examples of natural occurrences. Lightning is defined as a powerful, sudden surge of electricity that occurs during a thunderstorm. Let us now take a scientific look at lightning.

Friction between water droplets in the atmosphere occurs during cloud formation, resulting in charged particles in the atmosphere. At this point, there is a positive charge buildup at the top of the cloud and a negative charge buildup at the bottom. A cloud on Earth nearby induces a positive charge as the magnitude of this charge grows too large. The negative charges on the cloud form a path towards the earth, resulting in lightning. Lightning is a type of electric discharge that occurs as a spark or flash from a charged cloud. Thunderclouds are charged, with the negative charge centre at the cloud’s base. Lightning is simply massive static electric sparks that travel from one cloud to another or from one cloud to an earthly object. Let us now go over static electricity and the instrument used to measure electrical charges.