What Are Articles 79-122? Article 79: Constitution of Parliament

The Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and the President of India make up India’s Legislature. India’s President will not have membership in either chamber of Parliament, and as a result, they would not participate in the legislature’s sessions. According to Article 79: Constitution of Parliament, in the Indian constitution, Parliament will make legislation to govern the country’s democracy. Part V of the Indian Constitution deals with the legislature’s organisation, rights, and duties, among other things.

Article 79: Constitution of Parliament 

Article 79 talks elaborately about the constitution of Parliament. It states that there must be a Parliament of the union. According to the regulations indicated by Article 79: Constitution of Parliament, the union will have a President and two Houses. This union of the two Houses will comprise of Council of States as well as the House of the People. 

Article 80: Composition of the Council of States 

Article 80: Composition of the council of states presents the constitution of the Rajya Sabha. The maximum number of members of the Rajya Sabha is 250. But the current number is 245. Of these, 12 are nominated by the President in literature, science, arts, and social service. Representatives from each state on the State Council are elected by members selected to the state legislature by proportional representation. Parliament elects the representatives of the Union Territories of the Rajya Sabha as prescribed by law. It includes the following corrections. 

• Substituted for “Rajya Sabha” under Section 3 (Thirty-Fifth Amendment) Act, 1974
• The words “subject to the provisions of Article 4 of the Tenth Schedule” have been removed in connection with Section 5 of the Constitution (Thirty-sixth Amendment) Act, 1975
• Added under Section 3 of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956
• Under Section 3 of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, words and letters “specified in Part B of the First Schedule” are omitted
• Section 3 of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956 replaces the “States referred to in Part C of the First Schedule”

Article 81: Composition of the House of the People 

The composition of the Lok Sabha is defined according to Article 81: Composition of the House of the people. There are no more than 550 elected members in the House, and it should have no more than 530 members from the regional constituencies of the states and no more than 20 members representing the Union Territories. This means that the number of Lok Sabha seats allocated for a state is proportional to that number, and the state’s population is equal for all the states. This argument does not apply to states smaller than 60 million. Therefore, at least one post will be allotted in each state. However, the state’s population-seat ratio is insufficient to qualify for the position. Every 18-year-old Indian citizen is eligible to vote in the Lok Sabha elections.

Similarly, “population” means the same population as in the previous census. Relevant statistics have been published, and the following constitutional amendments have been added. 

• Alternatives to Sections 81 and 82 of Section 4 of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956
• According to Article 4 (Thirty-fifth Amendment) Act 1974 of the Constitution, “subject to the provisions of Section 331”
• Under Section 5 of the Constitution (Thirty-sixth Amendment) Act, 1975, the words “Tenth Schedule” and Article 4 “have been omitted
• Substituted “Five Hundred and Twenty-Five” under Section 63 of the Goa, Suppression and Reorganisation Act, 1987 (18 of 1987)
• Substituted for “twenty-five members” by the Constitution (Thirty-first Amendment) Act, 1973
• Added by Article 2 (31st Amendment) Act 1973 of the Constitution
• Section 15 of the Constitution (Forty-Second Amendment) Act, 1976 has been added
• Section 3 of the Constitution (Eighth Amendment) Act 2001 has been amended
• According to Section 2 of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act 2003
• Article 16 (Forty-Second Amendment) Act, 1976 of the Constitution

Article 82 

According to this article, there will be a reset discussion after each census. By the end of each census, the House of Commons seats to the states and the division of territorial constituencies in each state will be re-adjusted by power or law determined by Parliament. However, its restructuring will not affect representation in the Lok Sabha until the current Lok Sabha is dissolved. And this adjustment shall come into force from the date specified by Presidential decree, and until such reorganisation takes effect, any election may be conducted based on that territorial constituency. 

Accordingly, the following constitutional amendments have been added.

• Substitutes Articles 81 and 82 under Section 4 of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956.
• Section 4 (Thirty-Fifth Amendment) Act, 1974 has been replaced by “subject to the provisions of Article 331” of the Constitution.
• Under Section 5 of the Constitution (Thirty-sixth Amendment) Act, 1975, the words and letters “Article 4 of the Tenth Schedule” are omitted. Goa has replaced “Five Hundred and Twenty-Five” under Section 63 of the Repression and Reconstruction Act, 1987.
• Substituted for “twenty-five members” under Section 2 of the Constitution (Thirty-First Amendment) Act, 1973.
• Added under Section 2 (Thirty-First Amendment) Act, 1973 of the Constitution.
• Added under Section 15 (Forty-Second Amendment) Act, 1976 of the Constitution.
• Replaced by Section 3 (Fourth Amendment) Act 2001 of the Constitution.
• Replaced under Section 2 of the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 2003.
• Section 16 (Forty-Second Amendment) Act, 1976 of the Constitution

Conclusion

Parliament is a crucial legal and administrative body that acts as a framework for ideals, including freedom and people’s sovereignty. Therefore it is essential to fulfilling constitutional objectives. Articles 79, 80, and Article 81: Composition of the House of the people of the 1949 Constitution of India define the composition of the Constitution of Parliament, the Council of State, and the House of Commons.