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The government has launched several projects aimed at global development. These projects incorporate various economic, political, social, and financial elements. Health and well-being, education, and employment also depend on national policies.
A national policy is a course of action established or advocated by the government. Aspirants preparing for the civil service exam must be aware of various national policies. Some of the major national policies in the news include the National Health Policy, national policy for women, national steel policy, national education policy, national cyber security policy, etc.
India’s Various Initiative Policies
National Policy For Women
National policy for women works within the framework of a democratic polity. Our laws, development strategies, plans, and programs have all attempted to advance women in many fields. Since the fifth five-year plan, the approach to women’s issues has switched from welfare to development (1974-78). In recent years, women’s empowerment has been regarded as the primary issue in establishing women’s positions. The National Commission for Women was established by an Act of Parliament in 1990 to protect women’s rights and legal entitlements. The 73rd and 74th Amendments to the Indian Constitution (1993) provided women’s reservation of seats in panchayats and municipalities, creating a solid platform for their participation in decision-making.
Some important initiatives for women
Women’s Reservation in Local Self-Government
The National Girl Child Action Plan (1991–2000)
2001 National Policy for Women’s Empowerment
India’s Trade Policy
India’s Foreign Commerce Policy (FTP) establishes the fundamental framework of policy and the strategy for developing exports and trade. It is examined regularly to respond to changing domestic and international circumstances. In addition, the Department is in charge of international and bilateral commercial relations, state trading, special economic zones (SEZs), the development and regulation of specific export-oriented businesses and commodities, and export promotion and trade facilitation,
India’s Industrial Policies
Industrial policy is a document that establishes the tone for implementing and promoting the government’s regulatory functions. It was an attempt to broaden industrialisation and raise the economy to its rightful heights, and it represented the Indian government’s involvement in developing the industrial sector.
- Industrial Policy 1948
- Industrial Policy Resolution, 1956
- Indian Policy Statement, 1973
- Industrial Policy, 1980
- New Industrial Policy, 1991
National health policy
The primary goal of the National Health Policy is to clarify, inform, strengthen, and prioritise the government’s role in shaping the health system in various dimensions such as disease prevention, health investments, and promotion through cross-sectoral actions, human resource development, healthcare service organisation, access to technology, and much more. But it has been 14 years since the last health policy, and concerns have changed immensely. However, some of the 2017 National Health Policy and its several significant features are as follows:
National Health Policy 2002
- National Mental Health Policy
- National Population Policy 2000
- National Antimicrobial Resistance Containment Policy.
National Civil Aviation Policy
NCAP 2016 is a government policy adopted by the Union Cabinet on June 15, 2016. The NCAP 2016 addresses broad policy issues such as regional connectivity, air transport operations safety, 5/20 requirement for international operations, fiscal support, bilateral traffic rights, maintenance, repair, overhaul, aeronautical, and air cargo “Make in India”. The UDAN scheme inaugurated by PM Narendra Modi on April 27, 2017, is an important component of the National Civil Aviation Policy.
National Policy on Steel
Any country’s industrial development is dependent on the presence of a thriving steel sector. Steel is used in a variety of applications. Steel has a nearly 1.4X output multiplier effect on GDP and a 6.8X employment multiplier factor in India.
The 2017 National Steel Policy aims to direct the steel industry to its maximum potential while also increasing steel production while remaining globally competitive.
National Education Policy
The Government of India developed the National Policy on Education (NPE) to promote and govern education in India. The policy extends from elementary to higher education in rural and urban areas. The first NPE was issued by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1968, the second by Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in 1986, and the third by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2020.
On July 28th, 2020, the Union Cabinet of India authorised the National Education Policy (NEP). After more than 50 months of discussions and workshops, the Indian government finally accumulated the evaluation from 2.5 lakh village-level stakeholders to mainly two national parliamentary-level committees after a 34-year hiatus. The extent to which the policy has embraced recommendations.
Conclusion
The government of India and state governments have been executing many programs to eliminate poverty in India. Whereas the goals of these programs are admirable, they are predicated on the assumption that spending money is necessary and sufficient for poverty eradication. This idea underpins the role of non-monetary policies and their impact on people’s lives. Many grassroots workers have seen that some government policies frequently harm the poor far more than they benefit from money-oriented programs like the anti-poverty programs.
