History of Europe in Maps

Europe is the globe’s second-smallest continent. The Arctic Ocean borders it on the North, the Atlantic Ocean on the West, and the Mediterranean, Black, and Caspian Seas on the South. It has a coastline stretching around 24,000 miles (38,000 kilometres). Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef Land, Svalbard, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, the British Isles, the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Malta, Crete, and Cyprus are among Europe’s largest islands and archipelagos. The Ural Mountains form the continent’s eastern border, and the Emba (Zhem) River follows.

Europe has been the world’s second-smallest continent, with around 10,400,000 sq. km (4,010,000 sq mi).

History

Europe’s history begins around 40,000 years ago, with the appearance of Homo sapiens (ancient humans). The Neolithic Age saw the beginning of the practice of soil cultivation, growing crops, and keeping cattle. Metallic axes and arrowheads increased survival, and civilisation prospered.

Around 9,000 years ago, the original inhabitants of Europe lived in tiny groups or groups and subsisted by collecting vegetables and hunting for wild creatures. A man gained access to new tools and organisational methods as he moved east-west across Eurasia.

Greece started to emerge from the Dark Ages around the eighth century BC. The Classical Greek environment significantly impacted the Roman Empire and exported a version of this throughout Europe.

The Holy Roman Empire

The Roman Empire transformed Europe after over 500 years of development. After its demise, the Eastern Roman Empire was resurrected as the Byzantine Empire (285–1450). Small kingdoms arose throughout Western Europe as the continent’s topography was about to shift.

Following the decline of the Roman Empire, several tribes, and tribal coalitions, rose to dominance. Poland and Hungary will also form kingdoms. The Viking Age covered the late eighteenth to mid-thirteenth centuries in North Europe and Scandinavia.

Small kingdoms emerged in Western Europe as the Roman Empire fell apart. The Frankish Kingdom was a southeastern European region governed by the Franks. Shortly after, the Anglo-Saxons crossed the same English Channel to create a succession of kingdoms in southern Britannia.

Fifth-Century Europe

Europe had become a patchwork of petty kingdoms by the 5th century, even with the Western Empire diminished to a few remnant regions. Most such kingdoms had nothing to do with modern governments, although the Ostrogothic kingdom largely corresponded to modern-day Italy. One may see the origins of Norway, Sweden, and Finland. The line between today’s European and North African cultural zones has still not been drawn. At the moment, Greece was also on the eastern end of such a political division between east and west and had joined forces with Turkey.

The Charles V Empire

In the 16th century, Charles V controlled a few of the world’s most powerful empires. On the map, he is depicted as King of Castile, King of Aragon, Duke of Burgundy, and the owner of Austria’s hereditary lands. It doesn’t show the Spanish colonial emperor’s massive growth in the Americas.

The Aftermath of World War I

The Napoleonic wars finally ended with Napoleon’s fall, and the continental European continent was born. In the aftermath of World War I, the Russian Revolution of 1917, another, much more horrible battle ensued, resulting in Germany’s further contraction and the Soviet Union’s expansion. Many European dynasties were devastated due to the aftermath of World War I, the Russian Revolution of 1917, which was an unusually prolonged and horrific struggle. As a result, the frontiers of Europe moved, as shown on the map. The borders set after the battle in 1918 are not the same as the limits that exist today.

Colonialism in Europe’s Past

At some point in history, every country on that planet was absorbed by a European colonial power. Following colonisation, most of these territories, such as the United States, were populated by Europeans. Others have been transformed into “protectorates” or other structures where a native potentate keeps official authority. A colonial administration has been established in most areas.

Europe’s Close Relations with Russia

A system of gas pipes connecting Ukraine fell to the Russian empire with the EU, tying the two countries together economically. Even as emotions between Moscow and Brussels rise due to developments in Ukraine and elsewhere, the two sides remain entangled in energy cooperation. Energy exports account for a significant portion of Ukraine fell to Russian foreign currency exchange profits. On the other hand, several European countries, notably Germany and Italy, would have been without electricity if it were not for them. Yet, because gas can only circulate where pipelines run, they are far more important to Russia’s economy.

Conclusion:

The physical and sociological geographies of Europe are the subjects of this article. The most important topics covering the continent’s cultural and historical evolution are European explorers, Western colonisation, ancient Greek culture, ancient Rome, Byzantine Empire, and Holy Roman Emperor. Religion (such as Judaism and Catholicism) and literature are addressed to each other. See lists of European states by province for further information on the continent’s different nations. See separate articles by title to consider big cities—for example, prominent European cities such as Rome, Warsaw, and London.