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NEET UG 2026 » NEET UG Study Material » Chemistry » Phosphorus
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Phosphorus

Phosphorus is a naturally occurring chemical element that is found in many different places around the world. It has a variety of uses, both commercially and medically, and can be a powerful tool for improving health and wellbeing. It is the 15th most frequent element on Earth due to its atomic mass of phosphorus being 31.

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In high school science class, we learn about the building blocks of life: atoms. We learnt about the chemical and physical properties of atoms and the elements they make up. The question is, what do we do with that information? What is its purpose in our day-to-day lives? Let’s take a closer look at one specific atom: phosphorus. And about the atomic mass of phosphorus. We will also have a look at the use of phosphorus and the health effects of phosphorus. We’ll discuss its atomic mass, common uses, and health effects.

What is phosphorus?

Among the periodic table’s elements, phosphorus is element 15 and is found in all living organisms. In fact, it is one of the six essential elements of life. It is a non-metal that is silver in colour and has a somewhat metallic luster. Phosphorus is relatively rare on Earth, making up about 0.0001% of the planet’s crust. It was discovered in 1669 by Henning Brand, a German alchemist who was looking for the philosopher’s stone. 

The Atomic Mass of Phosphorus

Phosphorus has an atomic mass of 31.9984. This means that the atomic mass of phosphorus is about 1/100th the mass of the most massive atom, uranium. While this may not seem like much, when you consider the vast number of atoms in a sample, it becomes clear that even a small change in atomic mass can make a big difference. The atomic mass of Phosphorus is one of the lightest elements on the periodic table, and it is this low mass that makes it so versatile for chemical and biological processes.

Health Effects of Phosphorus

Phosphorus is an important mineral that our bodies need for many reasons, including bone health, energy production, and protein synthesis. It’s also thought to play a role in regulating blood sugar levels. While phosphorus is essential for our well-being, too much of it can be harmful. Overconsumption can lead to problems such as calcium depletion, cardiovascular disease, kidney damage, and even death. So it’s important to be mindful of how much phosphorus we’re getting from food and supplements.

Where Can I Find Phosphorus?

Phosphorus is a chemical element that can be found in the earth’s crust. It’s located in the white phosphorus group on the periodic table and has an atomic mass of phosphorus of 15. All kinds of life need phosphorus to survive, and it is commonly found in fertilizers. It’s also used to make matches, explosives, and other fireworks.

What are Some of the Frequent and Common Use of Phosphorus?

Phosphorus is often found in fertilizers because it helps improve the soil’s quality and encourages plant growth. It’s also a key component of many types of explosives, including gunpowder. In fact, the name “phosphorus” actually comes from the Greek word “phosphors,” which means “light-bearer.” This is because phosphorus is the element that helps create light in the fire. Lastly, phosphorus is also found in some kinds of toothpaste, because it helps strengthen teeth and fight cavities.

Colours of Phosphorus

Phosphorus comes in different colours—white, red, purple, and black—depending on where the bonds it forms. A different colour, white phosphorus, also exhibits different chemical properties. The most common form is white phosphorus, which consists of phosphorus atoms arranged in tetrahedra (four pyramids), and red phosphorus is the solid but amorphous form of the element. In applications and chemical literature, the most important form of elemental phosphorus is white phosphorus, often abbreviated as WP.

Elemental phosphorus exists in two main forms, white phosphorus and red phosphorus, but due to its high reactivity, phosphorus never exists as a free element on Earth. 

The white form (sometimes called yellow phosphorus) is waxy, the red and purple forms are amorphous solids, and the black allotrope is equivalent to lead graphite. Another common form of phosphorus is red phosphorus, which is much less reactive and is one of the components of the face of a matchbox. Black phosphorus is the least reactive form of atomic mass of phosphorus and has no significant commercial use. Although black phosphorus may one day be used in electronic devices, it is not currently used in any applications.

Conclusion

Phosphorus is an element that is found throughout the natural world. It has a variety of important uses in both the human and industrial worlds. While the atomic mass of phosphorus is essential for life, it can also be harmful in large doses. It is important to learn about the benefits and dangers of phosphorus in order to use it safely and responsibly.

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Frequently asked questions

Get answers to the most common queries related to the NEET UG Examination Preparation.

What is the most used form of phosphorus?

Ans. The most common types of phosphorus are white phosphorus, which is composed of phosphorus atoms arranged in the...Read full

What happens if someone doesn’t get enough phosphorus?

Ans. A lack of phosphorus can result in loss of desire to eat, anemia (low red blood cell actually qualifies), muscu...Read full

What is the first and foremost function of phosphorus?

Ans. Phosphorus is needed for the development, general upkeep, and fixing and rebuilding of all tissues and cells, ...Read full

How much phosphorus is needed?

Ans. It is suggested that healthy individuals consume 800 to 1,200 mg of phosphorus per day. Phosphorus is abundant ...Read full

Does phosphorus have a covalent or ionic bond?

Ans. The majority of phosphorus compounds have covalent properties. Because the formation of P3 ions from P atoms re...Read full

Where does phosphorus get deposited or stored?

Ans. With the exception of carbon and nitrogen, the lion’s share of phosphorus on Earth is preserved in soil a...Read full

Ans. The most common types of phosphorus are white phosphorus, which is composed of phosphorus atoms arranged in the shape of a tetrahedron (a four-sided pyramid), and red phosphorus, which is a solid but non-crystalline form of the element.

Ans. A lack of phosphorus can result in loss of desire to eat, anemia (low red blood cell actually qualifies), muscular weakness, coordination issues, bone pain, gentle and malformed bones, an outbreak of diseases, a burning or prickling sensation in the skin, and uncertainty.

Ans. Phosphorus is needed for the development, general upkeep, and fixing and rebuilding of all tissues and cells, as well as the generation of DNA and RNA, the genetic building blocks. Phosphorus is also required for the proper balance and utilisation of other minerals, nutrients and vitamins, such as vitamin D, iodine, magnesium, and zinc.

Ans. It is suggested that healthy individuals consume 800 to 1,200 mg of phosphorus per day. Phosphorus is abundant in a well-balanced, nutritious diet because it happens naturally in several foods.

Ans. The majority of phosphorus compounds have covalent properties. Because the formation of P3 ions from P atoms requires a significant amount of energy, ionic compounds like sodium phosphide (Na3P) are rare.

Ans. With the exception of carbon and nitrogen, the lion’s share of phosphorus on Earth is preserved in soil and rocks as phosphate. Phosphate is composed of one phosphorus molecule surrounded by four oxygen molecules, or PO43-. Phosphate can be absorbed directly by plants through their roots.

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