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About hydrogen
The elements are ranked by their atomic number, which is the number of protons in their nucleus, with hydrogen ranked first. Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, combustible gaseous material that is the most basic member of the chemical family. A proton with one unit of positive electrical charge and an electron with one unit of negative electrical charge make up the nucleus of a hydrogen atom. Under normal conditions, hydrogen gas is a loose collection of hydrogen molecules, each containing a pair of atoms, forming a diatomic molecule, H2. The fact that hydrogen burns with oxygen to form water is the earliest known important chemical property of hydrogen; indeed, the name hydrogen comes from Greek words that mean “maker of water.”
Anomalous properties of hydrogen
The other members are solids, whereas hydrogen is a gas. Metals are part of the periodic table’s I group. Hydrogen, unlike alkali metals, causes cations to bind more reluctantly than other members of the same group. Hydrogen has an ionization energy of 1312 KJ/mol, while lithium has the highest ionization energy in this group at 520 KJ/mol. Because hydrogen is a nonmetal that produces hydride anions, it is sometimes placed above halogens in the periodic table. It, like halogens, produces dihydrogen.
Although hydrogen gas is highly reactive, alkali metals are far more so. The hydrogen atom has a single shell, whereas alkali metals have two or more. Although hydrogen oxide is neutral in nature, alkali metal oxides are basic. Alkali metals can form covalent bonds with methane and water but not with hydrogen. Hydrogen can be reduced to form an anion in molecules such as sodium hydride (NaH). Alkali metals, on the other hand, cannot do so. As a result, hydrogen stands out.
Hydrogen’s Properties
At room temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a nontoxic, nonmetallic, odorless, tasteless, colorless, and highly flammable diatomic gas with the molecular formula H2. Hydrogen can also be found in chemical substances such as hydrocarbons and water on Earth.
The applications of hydrogen
In fuel cells, hydrogen can generate electricity, power, and heat. Today, the most common uses of hydrogen are in petroleum refining and fertilizer production, with transportation and utilities emerging as new areas of interest.
The hydrogen composition
A hydrogen atom is the most abundant element on earth . It consists of one proton and one electron .
First radioactive element in the periodic table
The atomic number of polonium is 84 with the symbol “Po”. It belongs to the chalcogen family. Polonium is a radioactive metal that has no stable isotopes. Its chemical properties are comparable to those of tellurium and selenium, and its metallic properties are comparable to those of thallium, lead, and bismuth, its horizontal periodic table neighbors. Due to the short half-life of all its isotopes, its natural occurrence is limited to trace amounts of the fleeting polonium-210 (half-life of 138 days) in uranium ores as the penultimate daughter of natural uranium-238. Longer-lived isotopes exist, but they are far more difficult to create. Polonium is now typically produced in milligramme quantities by bombarding bismuth with neutrons. Because of its high radioactivity, which causes chemical bond radiolysis and radioactive self-heating, its chemistry has been studied primarily at the trace level. Polonium is a radioactive element that exists in two metallic forms. The alpha form is the only known example of a simple cubic crystal structure on a single atom basis at STP; it comes with an edge length of 335.2 picometers; the beta form is rhombohedral.
Conclusion
Hydrogen is chemically the same as both alkali and halogens. It can lose one electron, as do alkali metals, and gain one electron, as do halogens. The position of hydrogen in the periodic table is regarded as anomalous.
