An Overview On Stoichiometry and Stoichiometric Calculations

German chemist Jeremias Richter is credited with coining or discovering the term stoichiometry for the first time.

Stoichiometry is defined as the quantitative measurement of the relationship between the products and reactants of a specific chemical reaction, which is expressed in terms of their relative mass or volume ratios.

It is necessary for a chemical reaction to take place and progress to completion that the reaction has a balanced stoichiometry. 

In a chemical equation, the quantity of each chemical element on the product side of the reaction should be equal to the quantity of the corresponding element on the reactant side. 

In the case of photosynthesis, for example, if the reaction begins with six carbon atoms, the reaction should end with a total of six carbon atoms, as it does in the following balanced equation for photosynthesis:

6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2 

Stoichiometry is a tool that allows us to determine how much substance is required or is already present.

 The following are things that can be measured:

• Amount of reactants and products in a reaction
• Molecular weight
• Chemical Equations 
• Formulas

Fundamental concept Of Stoichiometry

This is because of the law of conservation of mass, which states that the sum of the reactants’ masses equals the sum of their products’ masses. 

This leads to the realisation that the relationships between the quantities of reactants and products are typically expressed as a ratio of positive integers, which is the basis of stoichiometry.

 As long as we know how much each of the various reactants will contribute, we can calculate how much of the end product will be produced.

 If the amount of one reactant is known and the amount of the products can be determined experimentally, the amount of the other reactants may likewise be derived in the opposite situation.

This is represented in the figure below, where the balanced equation is written as follows:

CO2 + 2H2O is produced via the reaction CH4 + 2O2

In this reaction, one molecule of methane interacts with two molecules of oxygen gas to produce one molecule of carbon dioxide and two molecules of water as a byproduct. 

Given the well-known link between moles and atomic weights, the stoichiometric ratios that are obtained in a reaction given by a balanced equation can be utilised to calculate the quantities by weight that are involved in the reaction. Composition stoichiometry is the term used to describe this.

Overview of the Concept of Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is an important part of chemistry because it deals with the relationship between the product and the reactants in a chemical reaction.

 In other words, stoichiometry is the measurement of elements in a chemical reaction. 

For a better understanding of Stoichiometric calculations, it is vital to understand the link between reactants and products that takes place during a chemical reaction. 

A reaction must have the same amount of elements on both sides of the equation in order to be considered balanced. 

We utilise stoichiometric coefficients to alter the number of each element on both sides of the reaction, and the number written of atoms is the number of atoms required to balance the reaction.

 We can now talk about the conversion factors that can be used to solve stoichiometric situations. 

Listed below are the procedures that need to be followed:

• First and foremost, we must balance the equation that has been provided.

• The molecular weight of the provided material should be represented by the unit mole.

• Determine the number of moles present in a sample.

Stoichiometry Calculation

To a large extent, stoichiometric calculations are performed using chemical formulas.

A substance’s formula mass is defined as the sum of the atomic weights of each of the atoms that make up the molecule of the substance in question. 

Calculating the mass of Na2S, for example, requires multiplying 2(23) by 1(32) to get at 78

One mole of a substance has an infinite number of particles, which is denoted by the Avogadro number.

 In the case of C-12, it is defined as the number of atoms present in exactly 12g of the compound. 

Per mole of substance, molar mass is defined as the total mass of all the atoms that make up a molecule divided by the number of molecules in the substance.

Calculation of the following masses based on the formulas for each one

The mass of MgSO4 is calculated using the formula 24 + 32 + 16 x 4 = 24 + 32 + 64 = 120.

The mass of C3H6O is calculated using the formula 12 x 3 + 1 x 6 + 16 = 36 + 6 + 16 = 58.

Conclusion

It is the evaluation of the products and reactants that are involved in any chemical reaction that is known as stoichiometry. 

The term stoichiometry is derived from two Greek terms, namely stoicheion, which denotes the proportion of elements in a mixture, and metry, which denotes the act of measuring. 

More importantly, the concept of stoichiometry is founded on the law of conservation of mass, which states that the total mass of reactants is equal to the total mass of products, demonstrating that relationships between product and reactant quantities are almost always in the form of a ratio of +ve integers. 

This demonstrates that if you know the total number of individual goods, you can simply compute the total number of products in a given category.