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The functions of ligaments and tendons are distinct, even though they are both composed of connective tissue and can be torn or overstretched connective tissue that joins two bones is known as a ligament. There are two types of tendon: those that attach muscles to bones and those that connect muscles to the bone. Both, on the other hand, are necessary for proper body mechanics. When it comes to human tendon size, Achilles is the heaviest of them all. The heel bone and calf muscle are joined together by this tendon. Rotator cuff tendons aid in the movement of your shoulder in both directions.
How ligaments and tendons work
There are several strong and intertwined cords in ligaments that connect bones. Additionally, the joint can move because of elastic fibres in the ligaments, but not so much as to exceed its capacity.
There are four primary ligaments in the knee, for example, two of which diagonally across the kneecap. Some ligaments help to stabilise the knee and prevent it from moving excessively in any direction.
In contrast to ligaments, tendon fibres have a greater degree of flexibility. Tendons and muscles work together to move a bone in response to a muscle contraction. Bending your elbow causes your biceps to relax. In addition, tendons absorb some of the force exerted by muscles when they spring into action.
Most common ligament and tendon injuries
Ligament
A sprain occurs when a ligament is stretched or torn beyond its normal range of motion. A sudden fall, awkward movement, or blow can cause a sprain.
Sprains commonly occur in the wrist, ankle, or knee. The ligament in your ankle can be snapped if you take a wrong step, making your ankle wobbly or unstable. When an injury occurs, you may hear a pop or feel a tear. The wrist is frequently sprained when you hyperextend it while reaching out to break a fall with your extended hand. The ligament was overstretched as a result of the hyperextension.
A sprained ligament usually causes discomfort, swelling, and bruising around the injured area. In some cases, the joint may be unable to bear any weight. When a ligament is overextended or torn, the severity of your symptoms will vary.
Sprains are categorised into three grades, from a mild sprain (grade 1) to a severe sprain (grade 3) In the event of a total ligament tear, the joint will become unstable.
Tendon
A tendon strain occurs when it is overstretched or torn. Leg, foot, and back strains are all too common.
Strenuous activities, such as sports, can lead to muscle strains. An increased risk of injury exists for athletes who overtrain their bodies without allowing enough time for recovery and muscle repair in between workouts.
Pain and swelling are common symptoms, just as they are with a sprain. Muscle cramps and weakness are also possible side effects.
Injuries to tendons and ligaments: Treatment options
On your own, it can be difficult to tell the difference between a ligament and tendon injury. Get an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan from your doctor as soon as you notice any discomfort or swelling. There’s no difference between sprain and strain in terms of immediate treatment. The medical community advises
- Rest. Your injured body part should be immobilised as long as possible to aid in the healing process If necessary, crutches and immobilisation braces can make this process go more smoothly.
- Ice. While you’re recovering, apply ice to the injured area for 20 minutes at a time, several times a day, wrapped in a towel to prevent it from damaging your skin.
- Compression. Wearing a compression bandage can help reduce swollen ankles. Make sure the bandage is snug, but not painfully so.
- Elevation. The swelling in your injured area can be reduced and the healing process accelerated by elevating the area above the heart.
- Medication. Anti-inflammatory and pain relievers help reduce swelling and pain.
Difference Between Tendon and Ligament
| Tendons | Ligaments |
| Involved with the movement of skeletal muscles | Connects bones to bones |
| Durable and stretchable | Elastic |
| Connects the muscle to the bone at the end of the muscle | Connects the end of the bones at joints |
| There is just one tendon in every muscle. | Each joint contains many ligaments |
| Proteoglycans are few. | Proteoglycan content is comparatively more |
| White people have a weak blood supply. | Yellow in colour |
| Fibroblasts is arranged in a straight line. | Blood supply is just as poor |
| The fibres are tightly packed and arranged in parallel bundles | Fibroblasts are scattered |
| throughout the sample. | They aren’t stacked side by side, but rather compactly stacked to save space. |
| There is no way to categorise it. | Articular ligaments, Remnant ligaments, and Peritoneal ligaments are the three main categories. |
Conclusion
From the following article we can conclude that ligaments and tendons have a lot in common, but the similarities end there. Joint stability is supported by the crisscrossing bands of ligaments that connect bone to bone. Stabilization of the knee is achieved, for example, through the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Both ends of a muscle have tendons that connect them to the bone. You can find tendons in every part of your body, including your head and neck and your feet.
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