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Euplectella is a genus of sponges found in the water. Euplectella is commonly called as glass sponges because of the presence of silica spicules. It looks like Venus’ flower baskets. They are numerous in marine water, deep in the ocean. The bodies of these creatures are bent, tubular, basket-like, or vase-like. The canal system is responsible for water circulation. The canal system is of the syconoid type. They coexist alongside shrimp in a symbiotic way.
Shrimp and euplectella share a symbiotic interaction. They have a tubular, basket-like body shape, and some of them resemble vases. They feature a canal system that is used to generate water circulation. The Euplectella is classified as part of the Porifera phylum. The Euplectella species Euplectella aspergillum is the most well-known. Euplectella belongs to the class of Hexactinellida and is identified by the skeleton of the triaxon because they have sic rays.
Features of Euplectella
- Euplectella have a cylindrical body that resembles a basket, and their tuft filaments attach them to the sea’s bottom.
- Water circulation is provided by a well-functioning canal system.
- The canal system for euplectella is described in the second.
- On both the inside and exterior of the body, there are current channels that are connected to radial channels that open into spongocoel.
- Choanocytes line the radial canal in some areas.
- Shrimp are the descendants of euplectella.
- Shrimp are founded on both men and females throughout their lives inside the sponge’s body since they reproduce both sexually and asexually.
- In exchange for cleaning the basket, these shrimp receive their food.
- After the birth, the offspring go in search of their basket.
- Triaxon spicules compose the skeleton. Silica spicules are responsible for the genus’ glassy look.
- On the euplectella, there are no real Ostia present.
- On the outside surface of many perforations’ bodies, there are parietal gaps.
- These genera can be found on the rocky region of the seafloor at depths of 100 to 1000 metres.
- Euplectella’s reproductive systems are both sexual and asexual.
- Examining the binding of the glassy euplectella on the ocean floor produces several long-lasting optical fibres.
- Euplectella, a low-cost method, is used to make the majority of efficient solar cells.
Diagram of Euplectella
The euplectella diagram is shown in the image below-
Characteristics of Euplectella
- The body is cylindrical and basket-like, with a tuft of fibres connecting it to the seabed.
- The skeleton is made up of triaxon spicules. They have a glassy look because of the silica spicules.
- The actual Ostia is nowhere to be found. On the exterior surface, there are numerous perforations, which are called parietal gaps.
- A well-connected canal system is established for water movement. It is discovered that the canal system is syconoid. The incurrent channels are connected to radial channels and open into spongocoel both inside and outside the body.
- Choanocyte lining can be found in the radial canal.
- A pair of sponge cola shrimps can be found inside the body of both males and females throughout their lives. Their small children emerge from the house in search of their basket.
- Shrimp receives the food from the basket in exchange for cleaning the basket from the inside.
- They reproduce asexually as well as sexually.
- The glassy fibrous binding of Euplectella to the ocean bed is being studied in order to develop more robust optical fibres for fibre optics. This can also be utilised to create low-cost, high-efficiency solar cells.
Reproduction in Euplectella
1.Asexual Reproduction
- Amebocytes (carrier cells) are shown being connected to the disintegrating sponge, indicating asexual reproduction (which occurs when conditions are unfavourable). Later, epithelial cells surround the amoebocytes, and when the decaying sponge is gone, a new species arises from the clump of cells.
2.Sexual Reproduction
- Sperm enters the sponge and fertilises the ova thanks to the internal current. Ovum fertilisation is accomplished by an amebocyte. Both the amoebocyte and the sperm then enter the ovum, where they form a cytostome that engulfs both the sperm and the carrier cell. The zygote then undergoes radial holoblastic cleavage, resulting in cells that are similar in size and shape. An embryo that eventually matures into a new sponge produces a free-swimming larva.
Conclusion
Marine sponges have been found in Euplectella. Because of the presence of silica spicules, Euplectella is commonly called glass sponges. Euplectella belongs to the class of Hexactinellida in the phylum Porifera. They also have a triaxon spicule skeleton with six rays, which distinguishes them. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are common in Euplectella.
