INDUSTRIALISATION IN GERMANY PART 1 BY NANDINI MAHARAJ
Germany before Unification (upto 1871) Southern side of Rhine valley incorporated into France by Napoleon Independent in 1815, with some changes Serfdom and guilds abolished -Prussia initiated a common market - the Zollverein Austria was excluded Until 1860's, attempts at industrialising Germany were only moderately successful German Unification happened during the 'Second Industrial Revolution' Latter half of the 19th century until WWI
.Markers: factory system development, electrification, mass production, development of the production line
Rapid industrialisation between 1870-1914 New German Confederation formed after unification -All German states were united under one ruling body Unification was the base for industrialisation to expand Bismark initiated policies to protect growing businesses Forced up the cause of many imported items France had to pay 5 billion France to Germany after losing the Seven Weeks War Forfeit territories of Alsace (cotton industry) and Lorraine (rich in minerals)
Dimensions of German industrialisation - Railways Network developed quickly Decreased the psychological distance in the country . The tempo of business speeded up - Germany became the centre of activity for the European business community Earlier, they had to ship south through other countries, because all the major rivers flowed north in Germany By 1880, the locomotives industry in Germany has pulled ahead of France
Industrialisation Coalfields of Ruhr Valley - Germany became the largest coal producer in Europe Coal also in Saar and Upper Silesia Steel industry developed - Germany leading steel-producing nation - German Steel Federation established in 1874 Banking and capital markets expand Chemical and electrical industries developed global chemicals market by 90% by 1914 Dyeing was an important industry Technological updates were actively adopted (unlike in Britain)
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