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NEET UG 2026 » NEET UG Study Material » Physics » Conservation
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Conservation

Conservation basically means to conserve something or to store something. It is basically done for sustainable development so that the future generation is able to use it or consume it.

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In physics the law of energy conservation states that the total energy of a packed or isolated system remains unchanged and is to be preserved later. This law, first proposed and tested by Émilie du Châtelet, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; instead, it can only be altered or transferred from one form to another. 

For example, chemical energy is converted to kinetic energy when a dynamite rod explodes. If one combines all the forms of energy released from an explosion, such as kinetic energy with potential fragments of fragments, as well as heat and sound, one will experience a real reduction in chemical energy in the burning of dynamite.

Traditionally, energy conservation was different from Mass conservation. However, a special correlation has shown that mass is related to energy and vice versa by E = mc².

Conservation of Energy

Energy conservation means that energy cannot be created or destroyed, although it can be converted from one form (mechanical, kinetic, chemical, etc.) to another. In one system the total amount of energy is therefore constant. For example, a collapsed body has a constant amount of energy, but the energy level changes from its potential to kinetic.

According to the theory of relativity, strength and mass are equal. Thus, the rest of the mass of the body can be considered a form of energy, which can be converted into other forms of energy.

Conservation of Mass

Basically conservation of mass means that things or materials cannot be created or destroyed — that is, processes that change the physical or chemical properties of a packed system (such as the conversion of liquids into gases) leave the total weight unchanged. Basically, weight or mass is not conserved. 

However, with the exception of the nuclear reaction, the conversion of the resting weight into other forms of force is so small that, with a high degree of accuracy, the resting weight or mass can be considered to be preserved. Both the laws of mass conservation and the laws of energy conservation can be combined into one law, the energy-mass conservation or conservation of mass-energy.

It says that the mass or size of an object or a set of objects does not change, it does not matter how the sub-parts rearrange themselves. Mass is viewed in physics in two ways. On the other hand, it seems to be a measure of inertia, the argument that free bodies provide force: trucks are harder to move and stop than smaller cars. 

On the other hand, mass seems to result in gravity, which calculates the weight of an object: trucks heavier than cars. The two views of the mass are generally regarded as equal. Thus, from the point of view of inertial or gravity mass, according to the principle of mass conservation, different values of the mass of the object taken under different conditions should always be the same

Conservation of Linear Movement

The conservation of linear momentum reflects the fact that the body or system of moving items holds its full momentum, that is the product of mass and velocity, unless external force is applied to it. 

The application of conservation of momentum is essential in resolving collisions. 

The operation of the rockets is an example of momentum conservation: the forward increasing momentum of the rocket is equal but is opposite to the force of the exhaust gases.

Conservation of Charge

The conservation of charge refers to the total amount of electricity or charge, that is the flow of electrons in a system does not change over time.

At the subatomic level, charged particles can be created, but it is always in pairs with an equal charge of positive charge and negative charge. Hence the total quantity of charge remains constant.

All the laws like conservation of energy, momentum, and angular momentum are all based on mechanics. However, all the same remains true in quantum mechanics and relativistic mechanics, which have replaced classical mechanics as the most fundamental law. 

In a deeper sense, the three laws of conservation reflect the facts, respectively, that physics does not change over time, through rotation in space.

The Principle of Conservation states that the mass or size of an object or a set of objects does not change, it does not matter how the sub-parts rearrange themselves. Mass is viewed in physics in two ways. On the other hand, it seems to be a measure of inertia, the argument that free bodies provide force: trucks are harder to move and stop than smaller cars. 

On the other hand, mass seems to result in gravity, which calculates the weight of an object: trucks heavier than cars. The two views of the mass are generally regarded as equal. Thus, from the point of view of inertial or gravity mass, according to the principle of mass conservation, different values of the mass of the object taken under different conditions should always be the same.

Conclusion

The principle of energy conservation states that energy is not created and is not destroyed. It may change from one form to another. 

No experiments currently violate energy conservation law. Common types of energy include thermal, electric, chemical, mechanical, kinetic, and energy. It can also be said that the sum of all energy is constant.

 

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