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The periodic table of elements is a tabular arrangement of all known chemical elements organised by atomic number. The periodic table is divided into rows or periods and columns or groups. The periodic table shows periodic trends. All elements in the periodic table are classified into two groups: representative elements and transition elements. The primary distinction between representative elements and transition elements is that representative elements are chemical elements in groups 1, 2, and 13–18, whereas transition elements are chemical elements in groups 3–12, including Lanthanides and Actinides.
What do Representative Elements mean?
Chemical elements in groups 1 and 2 as well as groups 13 to 18 are examples of representative elements. Representative elements are also known as “group A elements,” “s block and p block elements,” or “principal group elements,” and they include the chemical components listed below.
The S block is made up of the following elements: (Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals)
S block elements have valence electrons in the outermost s orbitals and are classified as alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, in addition to hydrogen and helium. Alkali metals (excluding hydrogen) are group 1 elements, whereas alkali earth metals are group 2 elements. These metals are named after the basic or alkaline chemicals that they create. Alkali metals include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, and francium, to name a few examples. There are a lot of alkaline earth metals out there. Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, and Radium are some of them.
The Distinction Between Representative and Transition Elements
Elements of the P block (nonmetals, halogens, noble gases)
The valence electrons of P block elements are located in the outermost p orbitals. Almost majority of the p block elements are nonmetals, with the exception of a few metalloid elements (excluding Helium, because it is an s block element). In the p block, there is a periodic tendency along periods and down groups. There are a lot of different types of metalloids. Boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, and tellurium are just some of them. Noble gases are elements in Group 18 of the periodic table (that have completed electron configurations). All of the others are nonmetals.
What exactly are Transition Elements?
Transition elements are chemical elements that can form stable cations with unpaired d electrons. The transition elements are all metals. Their valence electrons are located in the outermost d orbitals. As a result, all of the chemical elements from group 3 to group 12 are transition metals, with the exception of zinc (since zinc has no unpaired electrons and Zn2+also has no unpaired electrons). Zn2+ is zinc’s only stable cation).
In distinct compounds, almost all transition metals have numerous stable oxidation states. All of these chemicals are quite colourful. Furthermore, captions containing the same transition elements with different oxidation states can be coloured differently depending on the oxidation state (the colour of the cation varies with the oxidation state of the same chemical element). The existence of unpaired d electrons causes this colour (it permits electrons to hop from one orbital to another by absorbing energy). When these electrons return to their old orbital, the absorbed energy is released as visible light).
Difference Between Representative Elements and Transition Elements
Members Groups Colours | These are the chemical elements that make up the groups 1, 2, and from 13 to 18. They are the ones that make up the groups 1 to 18. The s block and p block elements are two of the most important things. They are in groups 1,2 and 13 to 18. Most of the compounds that are made by representative elements are not coloured. | It is a type of chemical element that has at least one d electron that can be unpaired at least in one stable cation that it can make. d block and f block elements are part of the transition. 3 to 12 are in the group. All of the compounds that are made by transition elements are bright. |
Conclusion
The periodic table of elements is a table that lists all known chemical elements in numerical order. The periodic table is divided by rows, which are called periods, and columns, which are called groups. Periodic trends are depicted in the periodic table. The periodic chart divides all elements into two categories: representative elements and transition elements.
