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Infectious diseases are illnesses caused by pathogenic microorganisms such viruses, bacteria, protozoa, fungus, and parasites.
Animals, humans, insects, and other agents can all spread these infectious diseases.
Infectious agents can be found in a variety of shapes and sizes all around us. Some common traits can be used to classify them.
Fungi, bacteria and viruses are examples of single-celled creatures. Diseases are also known to be spread by other multicellular creatures, such as worms.
Mode of disease transmission
Transmission is the process of a virus spreading from one body to another.
Furthermore, infections and disorders can be spread in a variety of ways, either directly or indirectly by certain bacteria, protozoa, fungi, or viruses.
However, there are basically two forms of disease transmission: direct and indirect transmission.Transmission without intermediaries.
Direct Transmission
Direct transmission occurs when pathogens are conveyed directly from a person who is sick with an infection.
If the blood of a person with Hepatitis B is contaminated by an open wound, the person with the injury may become infected with the disease as well.
From one person to another Transmission occurs in this scenario when an infection-free person comes into contact with or exchanges body fluids with an infected person.
A pregnant woman, for example, can pass the virus to her unborn child through her placenta. Furthermore, gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted disease that can be transmitted directly.
Transferring Information Using Droplets
Droplets from the lips and nose can infect a healthy individual when sneezing, coughing, or speaking.
Infections can also spread if an infected individual contacts another person with contaminated droplets on their hands.
Furthermore, because these droplets are so little, they only migrate a short distance. As a result, persons in the area are at risk of infection.
When the skin of a person suffering from a disease comes into contact with the skin of another person, it can infect him or her.
Conjunctivitis, chickenpox, ringworm, and head lice are just a few examples of skin infections.
Fluids and blood are used to transport information.
As stated in the term, this transmission occurs when blood or body fluids come into contact with a healthy person’s bloodstream or mucous membrane.
Cytomegalovirus, hepatitis, HIV, and other diseases are examples of such routes of transmission.
These infections are spread through urine, sperm, saliva, vaginal secretions, lactation, and other bodily fluids.
Transmission that is not direct
Indirect transmission, on the other hand, occurs when diseases are not immediately transmitted from a person who is infected.
Disease transmission is carried out by vectors such as flies, ticks, mosquitoes, dogs, and other animals.
Airborne Transmission
A few illnesses can sometimes linger in the air for a long time. As a result, a person’s immune system may be harmed if they come into touch with certain illnesses.
For example, if a healthy man or woman enters a room where a person with measles previously stayed, the uninfected man or woman may contract .
Contaminated Substances as a Mode of Transmission
Pathogens can be carried by a variety of objects and consumables.
Infecting a healthy person by touching infectious materials that were previously used by an infected person is possible.
Contaminated medical concerns and blood-transfusion infections are common sources.
Disease Transmission via Vector
Infections can be spread by a variety of insects and flies.
These flies and insects feed on a variety of species, including humans and birds, and carry disease-causing substances with them.
Furthermore, the virus may be passed if they sit on an uninfected individual. Lyme disease and malaria are two vector-borne illnesses.
Food and Drinking Water
One of the most common sources of disease-causing illnesses is undercooked or improperly canned foods. Furthermore, infection can be transmitted through drinking water.
