MCQ Mendelian Disorders in Human

Mendelian disorders are a form of genetic disorder that develops as a result of changes in one gene or anomalies in the genome. A disorder like this can be seen from birth and discovered through family lineage and the genealogical record. The family examination is the name given to the investigation that has now been concluded.

These inherited disorders are extremely rare, affecting only one person in a thousand or one million. Hereditary problems, on the other hand, can be acquired. Non-inheritable hereditary problems are caused, for the most part, by mutations or errors in the DNA.7 Inheritable hereditary difficulties, on the other hand, usually occur in the germline cells.

1.  A form of autosomal recessive genetic condition is which of the following?

1. Sickle cell anaemia

2. Skeletal dysplasia

3. Haemophilia

4. None of the above

Answer- a) Sickle cell anaemia

2. People with colour blindness can’t tell which of the two colours is which.

1. Red and Green

2. Red and Blue

3. Red and Yellow

4. Blue and Green

Answers- a) Red and Green 

3. The Royal disease is also called as which one of the following disorders?

1. Haemophilia

2. Alzheimer’s disease

3. Colour blindness

4. Sickle cell anaemia

Answer- d) Haemophilia 

4. When is it acceptable for a woman to be colour-blind?

1. Father has normal vision and the mother is a carrier

2. Father is colour blind and the mother has a normal vision

3. Father is colour blind and mother is a carrier

4. Father has normal vision and mother is colour blind

Answer- d) Father is colour blind and mother is a carrier

5. Point mutation is characterized by which of the following disorders? 

1. Thalassemia

2. Sickle cell anaemia

3. Night blindness

4. Down’s syndrome

Answer- b) Sickle cell anaemia 

6.  Colour blindness reveals which of the following types of inheritance?

1. Chromosomal inheritance

2. Criss-cross inheritance

3. Up-down inheritance

4. Zig-zag inheritance

Answer- b) Criss-cross inheritance

7. When a father has an illness and the mother is healthy in the family, the ailment is passed down to the daughters only, not the sons. What disease is this and what does it look like? 

1. Sex-linked recessive

2. Autosomal recessive

3. Sex-linked dominant

4. Autosomal dominant

Answer- c) Sex-linked dominant 

8. Which of the following genotypes and phenotypes in a man could be the result of sex chromosome aneuploidy? 

1. 22 pairs + XXXY females

2. 22 pairs + XXY females

3. 22 pairs + XY females

4. 22 pairs + Y females

Answer- b) 22 pairs + XXY females 

9. What will happen to the children if the father is healthy and the mother has one haemophilia gene and one colour blindness gene on one of the X chromosomes? 

1. Only daughters are haemophilia and colour blind

2. 50 per cent haemophilic colour blind daughters and 50% colour blind daughters

3. Both sons and daughters will be haemophilia and colour blind

4. 50 per cent haemophilia and colour blind sons and 50% normal sons

Answer- d) 50 per cent haemophilia and colour blind sons and 50% normal sons

10. Haemophilia is a recessive autosomal trait.

1. True

2. False

3. None of these

4. All of these

Answer- b) False  

11. Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary illness that runs in families. If one of the parents (either the mother or the father) is a carrier of the defective cystic fibrosis gene (Cc), what are the chances that the child would get the disease?

1. 0%

2. 30%

3. 50%

4. 100%

Answer- a) 0%

12.  What is the full form of AHG?

1. Anti-haemoglobin

2. Allergic haemophilic globulin

3. Allergic haemoglobin

4. Antihemophilic globulin

Answer- a) Antihemophilic globulin

13. Alpha 1 antitrypsin insufficiency is a hereditary condition that runs in families. If both parents have genotype (Aa), what are the chances that none of the offspring would have the disease phenotype?

1. 25%

2. 55%

3. 75%

4. 95%

Answer- c) 75%

14. Which of the following is a recessive X-linked trait? 

1. Haemophilia

2. Albinism

3. Huntington’s disease

4. None of these

Answer- b) Haemophilia 

15. The trait – Fragile X syndrome, the mode of inheritance is________.

1. X linked dominant

2. Autosomal dominant

3. X linked recessive

4. Autosomal recessive

Answer- a) X linked dominant

16.  In a community, how many genotypes of sickle cell anaemia are possible?

1. Four

2. Three

3. Two 

4. Zero

Answer- b) Three

17. Individuals with sickle cell anaemia who are heterozygous for the condition are severely afflicted.
a) True
b) False 

Answer- b) False 

17. Thalassemia is not frequent in which of the following places?

1. Indian subcontinent

2. North America

3. South-east Africa

4. Mediterranean

Answer- b) North America

18. Thalassemia is caused by which of the following defects?

1. Defects in lymphocytes

2. Defects in WBCs

3. Defects in platelets

4. Defects in RBCs

Answer- a) Defects in RBCs

19. Which of the following assertions about alpha-thalassemia is incorrect?

1. Involves the genes HBA1 and HBA2

2. Connected to the deletion of the 16p chromosome

3. Inherited in a Mendelian dominant fashion

4. Result in decreased α-globin production

Answer- c) Inherited in a Mendelian dominant fashion

20. Beta-thalassemia is caused by which chromosomal mutation?

1. 10

2. 21

3. 13

4. 11

Answer- d) 11

21. What is the probability of a child being a haemophilia carrier if their mother is a carrier and their father is a healthy man?

1. 25%

2. 60%

3. 95%

4. 50%

Answer- a) 25%

22. Which of the following is a genetic disorder caused by gene mutation, primarily due to mutation of a single gene?

1. Mendelian disorders

2. Both

3. None

4. Chromosomal disorders

Answer- a) Mendelian disorders

23. The disease of haemophilia is caused by a large number of genes in males.

1. single gene

2. four gene

3. two gene

4. three gene

Answer- c) single gene

24. Haemophilia is a blood disorder that affects people

1. Male

2. Female

3. None

4. Both

Answer- a) Male 

25. Which one is a female carrier?

1. XXh

2. XhY

3. XY

4. XX

Answer- a) XXh

26. Which of the following is another name for colour blindness?

1. Klinefelter syndrome

2. Sickle Cell anaemia

3. Turner syndrome

4. Daltonism

Answer- c) Daltonism

27.  Who is the first to notice red-green colorblindness?

1. Murry Barr

2. Morgan

3. Bateson

4. Wilson

Answer- d) Wilson

28. Daltonism is seen in

1. male only

2. female only

3. only in male and rarely in female

4. none

Answer- c) only in male and rarely in female

29.  Individuals with sickle cell anaemia who are heterozygous for the condition are severely afflicted.

a) True

b) False

c) None of these

d) All of these 

Answer- b) False