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Weathering and erosion are processes that cause rocks to break down and migrate away from their original site. The distinction between weathering and erosion is dependent on whether or not the position of rock has changed: Weathering damages rocks without moving them, whereas erosion transports rocks and soil away from their original sites. Weathering frequently causes erosion by breaking down rocks into tiny pieces that erosive forces can subsequently move away from.
What is Erosion?
Erosion is the process by which soil particles get loosened, swept away, or eroded in rivers, streams, seas, valleys, or faraway places. Because the uppermost layer of soil is removed in this process, the soil becomes less productive. Soil is eroded by a variety of natural physical forces, including water and wind. Human activities such as agriculture and deforestation enhance the rate of soil erosion, further decreasing soil quality. Soil erosion eventually leads to ecological deterioration, erosion of topsoil, and soil collapse.
Types of Erosion
The following are several forms of soil erosion:
- Splash or Rain Drops Erosion
Splash or raindrop erosion refers to soil erosion caused by raindrops falling on the land’s surface, which destroys the crumb structure of the soil.
- Gully Erosion
Gully erosion occurs when surface water runoff causes soil to be removed.
- Sheets Erosion
Sheet erosion refers to the consistent loss of thin layers of soil by the wind. Sheet erosion is especially dangerous in areas with shallow and loose soil.
- Rill Erosion
Soil erosion occurs in rill erosion through tiny, curved channels known as head cuts or streamlets. It is the most prevalent kind of erosion seen.
Prevention of Erosion
The environment is harmed by soil erosion. Some of the methods we may use to avoid soil erosion are as follows:
- Plant trees in uncultivated and barren places to help reduce soil erosion.
- Add pebbles and mulch to the soil to keep it away from draining.
- Mulch matting can help to decrease soil erosion on slopes.
- Every residence should install a suitable drainage system to ensure that water flows correctly down the drain and through proper systems.
What is Weathering?
Weathering is the activity of weather and climatic components on earth materials. Wind, water, temperature change, and other elements break down rocks, and running water transports weathering rock particles and deposits them over plains.
Weathering is also described as the mechanical disintegration and chemical degradation of rocks caused by the operations of numerous weather and climatic variables.
Weathering is an in-situ or on-site process since there is little or no material movement.
Types of Weathering
Weathering may be classified into three types: physical weathering, chemical weathering, and mechanical weathering.
- Physical weathering
Physical weathering is the separation of a rock’s physical structure. For example, in a chilly environment, water that collects and freezes in rock holes will cause those holes to enlarge, shatter, and divide the rock.
- Chemical Weathering
Chemical weathering causes changes in the chemical structure of the rock. As a result, the rock becomes softer or more easily broken. For example, iron in a rock may react with air to generate decomposable rust, while acids in water may remove calcium from limestone and marble.
- Mechanical Weathering
Mechanical force can also break rocks. Mechanical weathering refers to the process of fragmentation. Rocks begin to compress and expand as a result of the regular temperature changes. These activities disintegrated rocks.
Difference between Erosion and Weathering
S.NO | Erosion | Weathering |
1 | Erosion is the displacement of solids caused by wind, water, and ice. | Weathering is the decomposition of rocks, soil, and minerals as a result of direct contact with the environment. |
2 | The eroded materials are displaced. | The weathered materials are not displaced. |
3 | Wind, water, ice, and human activity all contribute to erosion. | Weathering is produced by elements such as air pressure. |
4 | It is different types of such as water, wind, ice, thermal, and gravity erosion. | It is classified into three types: physical, chemical, and biological weathering. |
Conclusion
The distinction between weathering and erosion is dependent on whether or not the position of rock has changed: Weathering damages rocks without moving them, whereas erosion transports rocks and soil away from their original sites. Splash or raindrop erosion refers to soil erosion caused by raindrops falling on the land’s surface, which destroys the crumb structure of the soil. Weathering is also described as the mechanical disintegration and chemical degradation of rocks caused by the operations of numerous weather and climatic variables. Weathering is the first phase in the formation of soil. Physical weathering is the separation of a rock’s physical structure. The changes in the chemical structure of the rock are caused by chemical weathering.
