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Energy consumption- energy is used to perform all activities and for the proper function of our body as well. We derive energy from food, the oxygen from respiration helps in converting the energy received from the food into usable energy for the body.
- How much is the Respiratory Quotient of mixed diets?
- 0.72
- 0.75
- 0.80
- 0.85.
Answer: C. 0.80, the respiratory quotient (RQ), which is defined as the ratio of carbon dioxide exhaled to oxygen absorption, represents substrate utilization. RQ levels for fat and alcohol are about 0.7, compared to 1.0 for carbohydrates and 0.8 for protein.
Calibration equations based on food frequency, food record, or dietary recall data explained a significant portion of the measured log RQ variance, and they were utilised to calculate calibrated RQ estimates across WHI cohorts. In the WHI Dietary Modification trial comparison group, calibrated RQ estimates using four-day food record data were related inversely (P=0.004) to (invasive) breast cancer risk, and corresponding RQ estimates using food frequency data were linked inversely (P=0.002) to breast cancer incidence in this cohort mixed with the larger WHI Observational Study.
- What are the factors that influence the BMR(Basal Metabolic Rate)
- Sex
- Climate
- Habit
- All of the above.
Answer: D all of the above, Gender. Men’s metabolisms are normally quicker than women’s. Hormonal abnormalities like hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism may wreak havoc on your metabolism.
Some families have a higher BMR than others, and some genetic illnesses influence metabolism as well.
Increased heat or cold requires the body to function hard to sustain its usual temperature, resulting in an increase in BMR.
Your metabolism is affected by what you eat. Your BMR is strongly influenced by what or how you consume.
- What is meant by an energy balance in nutrition?
- equilibrium between energy intake and energy expenditure
- equilibrium of rate of reduction
- equation of rate of oxidation
- amount of starch in take
Answer: A equilibrium between energy intake and energy expenditure, “Calories” is another synonym meaning “energy.” The difference between calories taken via eating and drinking and calories lost through physical exercise is your energy balance. ENERGY IS CONTAINED IN WHAT YOU EAT AND DRINK. ENERGY OUT is the amount of energy you expend during physical exercise.
Simply inhaling air and digesting food burn a certain quantity of calories. Your regular routine also burns a particular quantity of calories (ENERGY OUT). Children, for example, burn calories simply by being students—walking to their lockers, carrying books, and so on—while adults burn calories by walking to the bus stop, shopping, and so on. The link below has a chart of estimated calorie requirements for children and adults, which might assist you in maintaining a healthy calorie balance.
- In a cold climate more energy is required, why?
- locomotion
- weight
- social relationships
- Body temperature
Answer: D body temperature, in a cold environment most of our energy is used to maintain a normal body temperature.
- How much protein does an average adult male require each day to remain healthy?
- 240g
- 24g
- 120g
- 72g
Answer: D. 72g, Proteins are like Legos for our body on a biological level. They’re the constituents of our organs, tendons, hormones, and, of course, muscles. However, when it comes to protein consumption and exercise, it’s the final item on the list that receives the most attention.
A sedentary adult should ingest 0.8 grammes of protein per kilogramme of body weight, or 0.36 grams each pound, according to the Dietary Reference Intake report for macronutrients. That implies a sedentary male should consume 56 grams of protein per day, while a sedentary woman should consume 46 grams.
- Mammals can drink water but they also derive it from which of the following?
- conversion of oxyhaemoglobin to haemoglobin
- breakdown of glycogen into glucose
- glucose oxidation
- saliva secretion
Answer: C. glucose oxidation, Although several marine animals have been observed drinking seawater on occasion, it is unknown if they do so on a regular basis. Sea-dwelling animals have alternative options: they can receive water from their food, or they may make it internally from the metabolic breakdown of food (water is one of the by-products of carbohydrate and fat metabolism).
The salt level of marine animals’ blood and other bodily fluids is similar to that of terrestrial mammals and other vertebrates: it’s roughly one-third that of saltwater. Because a vertebrate ingests saltwater, which is three times saltier than its blood, it must excrete the extra salt through the production of highly salty urine.
- Cooking starch in moist conditions may cause the following?
- the starch is oxidized
- The starch is caramelized
- gelatinise it
- The starch is coagulated
Answer: C. gelatinise it, The process of starch gelatinization involves heating starch with water, causing the starch granules to expand. As a result, the water is absorbed gradually and irreversibly. The system has a fluid and translucent texture as a result of this. The reaction produces a gel, which is utilised to provide a pleasant texture in sauces, puddings, creams, and other culinary items.
Pasta preparation is the most popular example used to demonstrate this phenomenon: pasta consists largely of semolina wheat (wheat flour) which includes a lot of carbohydrate. It expands in size when cooked in boiling water because it absorbs moisture and takes on a soft texture.
Because starch’s organic origin makes it unpredictable in food processing, technical advancement has been gradual. Its usage has prompted the search for approaches to standardise behaviour during industrial processes in order to improve individual processes, find answers to common issues, and create a roadmap for the development of better goods.
