Types of Communication System – Receiver

Communication may be defined as the transfer of information from one place to another via a sequence of procedures or it can be defined as the communication of information itself. For communication to be effective, both the sender and the receiver must communicate in the same language. Every living organism on the planet is confronted with the need to continually transmit and receive information from others in the surrounding environment. Throughout history, human beings have made an ongoing effort to increase the quality of communication with other human beings. From prehistoric to contemporary times, the methods and languages used in communication have continued to evolve and satisfy the increasing demands in terms of complexity and the speed of information transmission.

Any communication system comprises a sender, a receiver and a channel. Any system can be described by the sender, the receiver and the channel. The most basic term for this concept is “transmitter”, which conveys a message from one point to another. This concept is also used in the context of communication systems such as radio, phones and the internet. Another term, “receiver”, conveys a message from one point to another.

Terms used in a Communication System

In the electronic communication system, the electric circuits are used to transmit, process and receive the data. The transmission happens through the transmitter. The data processing occurs through the medium and is received by the receiver parameters. The data is transmitted in two forms: digital or analogue form.

The basic terminologies include communication medium, receiver, transmitter, transducer, amplitude, modulation and bandwidth.

Communication Medium

The communication medium is a channel that is used to transmit the signal from transmitter to receiver. An example is copper wire and satellite systems.

This chapter aims to explain the fundamentals of communication, such as the importance of modulation, the creation and derivation of amplitude modulation and the communication technique.

Signal

The signal is the information or data transmitted and received by the receiver parameters. It is transmitted electronically, in digital format. There are two forms of signals: digital and analogue. In analogue signals, the current and voltage will have continuous variations. An example is a human voice. In the digital signals, the variations will have 0 and 1 discrete values. An example is audio waves.

Amplitude 

The amplitude is the signal height or strength in transmission. The signals should be strong in both transmission and reception. For this, the weak signal is amplified. This phenomenon is called amplification.

Attenuation

Attenuation is the process in which the amplification of the signal is decreased. It is attenuated when transmitted for long distances.

In this electronic communication system, we will discuss the important device, transducers.

Transducers

The transducer is the electrical device that transforms the physical quantity into electrical quantity. It consists of two elements: sensing and transduction. For example, the transducer transforms the non-electrical quantity like light and heat, into the electrical quantity.

Transducers types

The transducers are classified as below:

• Active and passive transducers.
• Analog and digital transducers.
• Primary and secondary transducers.

Parts and Subsystems of a Communication System

There are three critical components to every communication system. The transmitter, the channel and the receiver. 

Transmitter

The transmitter is the electronic component that converts the digital signal from the encoder into an analogue signal that can travel through the wire and be heard by the receiver. The transmitter is sometimes referred to as the modulator. The range or distance that the signal can travel through the wire is limited by the audio properties of the wire. The transmitter also adds information to the signal, such as channelisation codes.

Channel

Constrained problems are often caused by various types of noise or distortion on a channel. A signal that is distorted may have different frequencies compared to the signal sent. The variation in the frequency can be linear or nonlinear.

Receiver

An arrangement that extracts the information or message from the input signal through the receiving system and reproduces it in a suitable form as the original input signal is called a receiver.

Types of Communication System

There are different kinds of communication systems based on the type of modulation used:

Amplitude Modulation (AM)

In amplitude modulation, the signal wave is changed by impressing or superimposing it over a high-frequency carrier wave while maintaining its frequency constant.

Frequency Modulation (FM)

A frequency modulation technique changes the frequency of a message signal sent across a wire by modulating with a carrier wave. Because it reduces noise from various sources, it is superior to amplitude modulation.

Phase Modulation (PM)

The carrier wave phase affects the phase of the signal wave. It also relies on the carrier wave’s frequency to determine how much phase shift occurs after modulation. In general, phase-modulated locks are more resistant to noise than other types of waves.

Conclusion 

The message may be conveyed by voice, computer data or a picture. Each signal has its own unique set of frequencies; therefore, they can’t all be compared. The range of frequencies necessary for the communication process dictates the communication system used. Various communication systems and signal bandwidth are discussed in detail on this page.

It’s the exchange of information between two people. Almost constantly, every living thing on the globe must communicate or receive information from others in its surrounding habitat.