Motion in a Straight Line-Speed

The change of the position of a particle over a certain period of time is known as motion. The movement or motion of a particle is defined in terms of speed, displacement, velocity, time, and acceleration. Motion is one of the most crucial parts of our life, and our various day-to-day activities consist of different types of motion.

What is Motion in a Straight Line?

If a particle is commuting its position with respect to its surrounding factors with time, it is said to be moving or in motion. It is an adjustment of the place of an item over time. Movement in a straight line is only linear or straight movement. As the name suggested, it is in a specific straight line; accordingly, one might say it utilises just one dimension. The two types of linear motion motions are as follows:-

• Uniform kinematics motion
• Non-uniform kinematic motion

So, let us elaborate on the above-mentioned types of motion briefly.

Uniform Motion

If a body goes in a linear or straight line and covers an equivalent measure of distance in an equivalent time, it is said to have uniform movement. In basic words, a body is said to have a uniform speed when its slope remains constant in the distance-time graph. The graph of uniform kinematic motion is a straight line with respect to time and distance. 

Non-uniform Motion

Unlike the uniform speed increase, the body is said to have a non-uniform motion when the speed of a body changes by inconsistent amounts in equivalent timespans, the pace of progress of its velocity changes at various points of time during its development. The graph of non-uniform kinematic motion is an uneven line with respect to time and distance. 

What is Speed?

The speed can be represented as the rate of change in the position of an object with respect to the time and frame of reference. Mathematically, speed is defined as the distance divided by time. Speed is a scalar quantity because it only depends upon the magnitude of the object. The SI unit of the speed is metre per second (ms-1).

The formula of speed = distance/time

Examples of Speed

Suppose a person is travelling from one destination to another. He covered the distance of 200km in 5hours. Now, when we can calculate the speed of that person using the speed formula i.e.

S=D/T

Now according to the given information, 

S=200km/4hr=50km/hr

So, from above, we can conclude that the person is travelling at the speed of 50km/hr.

What is Average speed?

Let us suppose that a man starts driving at the speed of 50km/h after travelling for 6km due to the broken road he reduces his speed to 30km/h for 2hr and after that, he accelerates his car at the speed of 60km/h for 2km. Now, the speed and distance are changing here, so we will apply the concept of average speed here. 

The mathematical formula used to calculate the average speed is,

Average speed= total distance covered by a body/time taken by the body

So, according to provided information, we can conclude that,

Average speed= (50km+30km+60km)/10hr

= 14Km/hr

Difference between speed and velocity

Unit of Speed

The SI unit for speed is m/s (metres each second), yet speed may likewise be communicated in any unit of distance per time. Different units include miles per hour (mph), kilometres per hour (kph), and kilometres per second (km/s).

Speed Formula

The speed formula is as per the following:

Speed (v) is a scalar quantity that measures the distance (Δs – distance travelled ) throughout the adjustment of time (Δt), addressed by the situation v = Δs/Δt. 

Conclusion

In this article, we have read about motion in a straight line. We also understood the difference between speed and velocity. If a particle is commuting its position with respect to its surrounding factors with time, it is said to be moving or in motion. It is an adjustment of the place of an item over time.