Definition of Thermometry

In simple terms, temperature refers to the measurement of warmness and coldness on any scale. A temperature difference occurs due to a difference in heat. So, heat energy will spontaneously pass from the warmer body to the colder body until the temperature difference is zero.

Temperature

A thermometer is a device used to measure temperature. The thing is to keep in mind that temperature cannot be considered equivalent to the energy persisting in a system of thermodynamics. For example, a matchstick that is burning remains at a much greater temperature in comparison to an iceberg. Also, the total energy stored within a particular iceberg is higher than the energy stored in a burning matchstick. Temperature is considered an intensive property just like density or pressure. This indicates that the temperature is independent of the mass or quantity of the substance. As it is an intensive property, it can be distinguished from other enormous properties such as mass and volume.

Thermodynamic laws

Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that studies heat, work, and temperature, as well as their interactions with energy, radiation, and thermal energy. There are four laws of thermodynamics which are mentioned below.

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that if two bodies lie in individual equilibrium with a third and separate body, then the two bodies are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.

First Law of Thermodynamics: The first law of equilibrium states that energy can’t be created or destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another.

The Second Law of Thermodynamics: This law states that the entropy of an isolated system always increases and that any isolated system goes towards thermal equilibrium. The state of thermal equilibrium is also known as the maximum entropy of the system.

Third Law of Thermodynamics: This law states that when the temperature approaches zero, the entropy of a system approaches a constant value.

Thermometry 

The term thermometry refers to the process of measuring temperature. It should be noted that temperature actually refers to the amount of kinetic energy the particles possess. As mentioned earlier, temperatures are measured by a thermometer. Though nowadays, different types of thermometers are available on the market, such as glass thermometers, gas thermometers, radiation thermometers, etc., to name a few. Mercury is used in thermometers to get an exact count of the temperature. The Celsius scale of the thermometer is divided into 100 points, from zero degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius. Here, zero denotes the freezing point of the water and 100 represents the boiling point of water. Apart from the Celsius degree scale, the Fahrenheit scale is majorly used in the US and some other countries that speak English. The Kelvin scale thermometer is also known as the absolute temperature scale. The value of absolute zero on the Kelvin scale is -273.15 degrees Celsius. The Kelvin scale is considered the standard scale to be used in different scientific studies. Though in some fields of engineering, the Rankine scale is used as the absolute temperature scale instead of the Kelvin scale. one degree of Rankine equals one Fahrenheit degree. Temperature is present in all matter, and the flow of heat or heat transfer happens when two bodies with different temperatures are kept in contact with each other. Usually, the Celsius scale is denoted as degrees Celsius, the Fahrenheit scale is represented as degrees Fahrenheit, and the Kelvin scale is denoted by K. The Kelvin scale is predominantly used by the convention of the SI unit, also known as the International System of Units.

Conclusion 

Temperature and thermometry are both very fundamental concepts in physics, and the laws of thermodynamics are studied in advanced physics. These concepts are usually very easy to grasp, and the application of these concepts can be seen in everyday life. For this reason, these concepts are very important for government exam aspirants.