EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANOES

The study introduces that geography is considered as the study of place and the connection between people and the surroundings. Geography explores both the physical properties of the earth’s surfaces and the human societies spread across it. Earthquakes happen due to the collision or slipping of two blocks under the earth’s surface. The slipping of the surface is called a faulting or fault plane. The location beneath the earth’s surface or earthquake’s emergence centre is regarded as a hypocenter. In addition, earthquakes can happen along with any type of plate boundary. In the earthquakes that can occur with an inside of the crust and it is the plates on the always to be alongside in the reach of gets stuck. 

Earthquakes 

According to the United States government official website USGS, earthquakes happen due to collision or slipping of two blocks under the earth’s surface. The slipping of the surface is called a faulting or fault plane. The location beneath the earth’s surface or earthquake’s emergence centre is regarded as a hypocenter. Moreover, the location directly above the earth’s surface is called the epicentre. Sometimes an earthquake presents minor shocks on the earth’s surfaces. These are smaller in the richter scale that happens due to following up larger earthquake epicentres. The largest earthquake shock centre is known as the main one. 

In the absence of main shocks, scientists can not verify that earthquake incidents are foreshocks. Moreover, the main shocks always follow up with aftershocks. These aftershocks depend upon the size and efforts of the main shocks. These may be continuous for weeks, months, or even years. The earth is made of 4 major layers: the inner core part, mantle, and crust. The topmost layer crust and mantle are made up of many puzzle skins. These puzzle pieces continuously move, slide, and bump on each other. The puzzle pieces are known as “tectonic plates” and these plate edges are known as plate boundaries. Locking and displacements of these tectonic plates’ boundaries are the major causes of earthquakes. 

Volcanoes and their Types 

According to the British Government survey departments, a rupture in the crust of planetary-mass objects under the earth’s surface. This earth’s surface rupture allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and volcanic gaseous material from a magma chamber. Most of the volcanoes on earth are found near tectonic plates of divergence or convergence points. This point is mostly present under the deepwater surface.

Cinder cones

Cinder cones volcanoes are produced from particle expedition and coagulation lava ejection from a single vent. Gas excited or charged particles react with air blown out fluently and break into tiny particles. These blown particles solidify in the air and fall down on the earth in cinder form. The North American region has numerous cinder volcanoes in the world.

Composite volcanoes

Steep shapes and cone-shaped structure properties make it different from shield volcanoes. They are formed from high viscous fluid, adhesive lavas that are unable to flow freely or potential flow. Furthermore, the sticky lava massively builds up around the vent exit passage and produces steep sides. Composite volcanoes are more similar to explosive rupturing causes for gas building up in the viscous magma control flow. These types of volcanoes are generally found above 8000 feet from bases. Some beautiful mountains such as Mount Fuji Mountain in Japan, Cotopaxi Mountain in Ecuador, California Shasta Mountain, Oregon Hood Mountain, and Washington ‘Mount Rainier”. 

Composite volcanoes

Steep shapes and cone-shaped structure properties make it different from shield volcanoes. They are formed from high viscous fluid, adhesive lavas that are unable to flow freely or potential flow. Furthermore, the sticky lava massively builds up around the vent exit passage and produces steep sides. Composite volcanoes are more similar to explosive rupturing causes for gas building up in the viscous magma control flow. These types of volcanoes are generally found above 8000 feet from bases. Some beautiful mountains such as Mount Fuji Mountain in Japan, Cotopaxi Mountain in Ecuador, California Shasta Mountain, Oregon Hood Mountain, and Washington’s Mount Rainier”. 

Shield volcanoes

Generally, these volcanoes produce water in a low viscosity area, active lava, and are sprayed in a broader area from the source. Moreover, these volcanoes have simple and similar shapes with low crest and valley slopes. Most “Shield volcanoes” are found in underwater rage and lava bursts due to ballistic pressure. According to the British geological survey departments, Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa are the world’s most active shield volcanoes. 

Lava Domes

Lava Domes volcanoes pass through several growth and collapse and produce at the merge point of the volcanoes. The Soufriere Hills volcano is the best example of lava domes and is situated on the Caribbean island of Montserrat. Shield volcanoes are formed due to high viscous force and density lava is unable to flow out from the vent easily during extrusion. Instead of extrusion, it is piled up at the vent summit point to form larger and greater crest domes.

Conclusion 

Volcanoes and earthquakes are major natural disaster hierarchies by the various governments. Archeologist survey reports state that earthquakes incidents happen due to collagens of tectonic plates in the earth’s surface. Moreover, it is similarly mentioned that naturally digested volcanoes are due to hot lava busting that is present in the magma chamber. The world is full of active volcanoes and dates volcanoes into Asian regions and American regions.