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Since ancient times, India has seen several cyclones; tropical cyclones typically develop over the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea, or the Indian Ocean.
Even though India’s whole coastline is affected by cyclones, the East coast is more vulnerable than the West coast. Odisha, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Maharashtra, and Gujarat are the states most severely impacted.
The IDMC report states that just 2.5 million people were displaced due to the three worst-hit cyclones, Yaas, Tauktae, and Gulab.
| Name of the cyclone | No. of people displaced |
| Tauktae | 2,58,000 |
| Yaas | 2.2 million |
| Gulab | 50,000 |
Cyclone Tauktae (14 May 2021 – 19 May 2021)
- Cyclone Tauktae, initially described as “very severe,” made landfall in Gujarat state late on Monday with winds as high as 160 km/h (100mph). Gujarat witnessed severe wind damage that has uprooted trees and power lines in coastal areas.
- About 200,000 people were evacuated across various states as the hurricane approached, bringing torrential rains and high winds. The cyclone had an impact on Mumbai as well. At 114 km/h, the wind gust that was recorded in the city was the biggest ever (70 mph).
- Problems with the structural or power losses also occurred on other larger ships. Over 80 persons were reported missing, making a total death toll from the cyclone of at least 174. Tauktae-related losses are pegged at Rs. 15,000 crores ($2.1 billion).
Cyclone Yaas (23 May 2021- 28 May 2021)
- The “Very Severe Cyclonic Storm” Yaas, which made landfall in Odisha on Wednesday south of Balasore, tore into the neighbouring states of West Bengal and Odisha before weakening into a cyclonic storm and left a path of devastation down the eastern coast.
- Four people were killed in Odisha and one in West Bengal, totalling five. According to estimates, as of May 31, 300,000 homes in India had been destroyed or damaged due to swollen rivers and sea waters along the Bengal coast.
- Additionally, trains were cancelled, and airports in Kolkata and Bhubaneshwar were briefly shuttered. Mayurbhanj, Jajpur, Cuttack, Khorda, and Puri in Odisha received an Organe alert from the IMD on May 25, whereas Kendrapara, Jagatsinghpur, Bhadrak, and Balasore received red attention.
Cyclone Gulab (24 September 2021 – 28 September 2021)
Gulab has been blamed for at least 20 fatalities and 20 billion (US$269 million) in losses. The IMD raised the state’s alert level and activated Odisha’s National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) and State Disaster Response Force (SDRF). As a result of the cyclone, more than 30,000 people had fled to safety on September 26; as the storm advanced further inland, this figure rose to 46,075. A total of 148 mm (5.8 in) rainfall at Pottangi, 89.4 mm (3.52 in) at Mahendragarh, and 77.2 mm (3.04 in) at Mohana, Gajapati was noted on September 27. There were no reported fatalities. Gulab caused the Godavari River’s water level to rise to the first mark at 43.90 ft on September 30. (13.38 m).Cyclone Jawad (2 December 2021 – 6 December 2021
- As a minor tropical cyclone, Cyclonic Storm Jawad brought torrential rainfall and strong winds to Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, and West Bengal in India, where it caused significant disruptions.
- 40 millimetres (1.6 inches) of rain fell at Gopalpur, Odisha, between December 4 and 5. In addition to being destroyed and flooded by flooding, several paddy crops and other unrelated crops were also reportedly disrupted by farming.
- By December 4, West Bengal began to suffer rain brought on by Jawad, which was first concentrated across West and East Midnapore.
Cyclone Asani and Karim ( May 2022)
- Twin cyclones originated at the exact longitude and were migrating away, respectively known as cyclone Asani and cyclone Karim. Near the Andaman Sea, Cyclone Asani started to develop.
- As it grew more robust, it became a powerful cyclone that brought heavy rains and blustery winds to states like West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, and Odisha. Cyclone Karim, a category two cyclone with winds of 112 kmph and gusting to over 140 kmph, had formed shortly before over the Indian Ocean.
- Due to the cyclonic storm, the IMD has issued a rainfall and wind alert for West Bengal, Odisha, and Andhra Pradesh. Authorities prohibited tourism-related activities on beaches and coastal areas until May 13.
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