UNESCO Recognition of Gwalior as ‘City of Music’

Gwalior Gharana: The Oldest Musical Tradition

• The Gwalior Gharana, established in the 15th century under Raja Man Singh Tomar, is the oldest in Hindustani classical music.
• Dungarendra Singh Tomar revived Indian classical music academically and composed Vishnupadas, influencing the Gharana’s style.
• Man Singh popularized Dhrupad and wrote ‘Manakutuhala’, making high art more accessible. He also integrated music into the royal court’s daily life.

Evolution of Gwalior Gharana:

• Development Under Mughal Rule: The Gharana evolved significantly during this period, with notable contributions from musicians like Naththan Khan and Naththan Pir Baksh.
• Khayal Singing: Originated from Dhrupad within the Gwalior Gharana, incorporating elements of Qawwali.
• Influential Musicians: The Gharana has produced many renowned artists, including Pt Kumar Gandharv, Malini Rajurkar, and Pt Venkatesh Kumar, who have contributed significantly to Hindustani classical music.

Why in News:

• The city of Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh was added to UNESCO’s Creative Cities Network (UCCN) recently for its “strong commitment to harnessing culture and creativity”.