Meiosis Cell Cycle

Cell division is one of the essential phenomena in life. Anything that has life, whether an animal or a plant, will have a cell division process. With the help of cell division, plants and animals get their required growth. Cell division also helps in the propagation of animals and plants.

There are two different types of cell division one is Meiosis, and the other one is mitosis. Both of them have different properties in terms of cell division. As they have different properties, they also help in a different type of involvement.

Cell Division

When a single cell gets divided into at least two cells with at least some of the properties of the primary cell through many phases, it is known as cell division. The central cell is the father cell, and the created cells are the daughter cells. And all the phases that are included in the cell division are known as the cell cycle. Among the two different cell divisions, let’s discuss Meiosis.

Meiosis

This is a particular type of cell division in which the daughter cells have half of the chromosome and other organisms of the father cell. This is a reductional cell division. With the help of this type of cell division, the germ cells of sexually reproducible organisms got divided. 

With the help of two consistent cell cycles, a father cell can produce four daughter cells. These daughter cells are known as gametes called sperm or egg cells. Before a meiosis division, the chromosomes with genetic material have a cross-over. It creates a whole new combination. This combination is the code of each chromosome. During fertilization, the gametes produced by the reductional division fuse and create a cell that has copies from both the cells and forms the zygote.

The Cell Cycle

Before every cell division, some steps get associated with a cell division. These phases are responsible for the cell division to check if there is an issue or if the division is going perfectly. The cells get divided through these cycles only. In other words, the steps that are included in a cell division are known as the cell cycle.

Meiosis Cell Cycle

Meiosis in the cell cycle has two consecutive cell cycles. There are two consistent cell divisions, so there are two consecutive cell cycles. In the first one, two daughter cells get created with the same number of chromosomes as the father cell. 

In the next division cycle, those two daughter cells got divided into four cells. These four cells have half of the chromosomes as the father cell.

The cell cycle always starts with the interphase; after that, the DNA gets copied, and prophase 1 starts; here, the chromosomes get paired up, then the recombination occurs, and the metaphase 1 gets started, where the chromosomes get a line up at the equator. After this, anaphase 1 gets started, where the chromosomes get pulled apart, then the telophase 1 or the cytokinesis happens when the cell gets pinched in the middle.

After that, the second phase of the cell cycle begins with prophase 2; you can experience two daughter cells with a similar number of chromosomes. Then metaphase 2 starts and the chromosomes line up at the equator. After that, it starts with anaphase 2, where sister chromatids are pulled apart, and then comes the telophase 2 or the cytokinesis, where the cell gets pinched in the middle. 

And finally, you will get 4 cells with half the chromosomes of the father cell. This is how a meiosis cell cycle works to produce gametes.

The fundamental difference between mitosis and Meiosis is that the meiosis cell division has half the chromosomes of the father cell. The mitosis cell division has the same number of chromosomes as the daughter cells.

Suppose any abnormality can be found in a meiosis cell division. In that case, the zygote gets some issues, and miscarriages may happen, which is the significant difference between mitosis and Meiosis. 

Conclusion

Meiosis is one of the most important types of cell division, which help the animals to propagate and have a sexual reproductive process. With the help of Meiosis cell division, the daughter cells have half of the chromosomes of a father cell. As the father cell is the primary cell with the correct number of chromosomes, it must have that exact number of chromosomes in any cell.

With the help of meiosis cell division, as the cells have half the numbers of chromosomes, two different gametes, one is the sperm and one is the egg cell, get fused to create a new cell with all the chromosomes known as the zygote.