State Legislature [Article-168 To 177]

India’s Constitution is often considered among the globe’s longest written constitutions. The Constitution establishes a national system in which the national government’s and the states’ authorities are separated. The State Legislature is addressed in Part VI of the Constitution, and the legislature is just the state’s legislative body. This is among the first state’s 3 systems, which have the authority to make laws and run the country. According to Article 168: Constitution of Legislatures in States of the Indian Constitution, a province can have both a unicameral and bicameral legislature. Each State, as per Article 168, must have a legislature that includes the Governors.

Article 168: Constitution of Legislatures in States

• As per Article 168: Constitution of Legislatures in States, Each state will have a legislature, which would be made up of the Governor and 2 houses
• In India, there are 2 Houses in AP, Telangana, UP, Bihar, Maharashtra, Karnataka, & J&K; only one Assembly in the rest of the region
• When a State’s Legislature has 2 Houses, one of them is called the Legislature Senate, and another is called the Legislature Assemblies. When the state has a single House, it is called the Legislative Assembly

Article 169: Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States

• Despite anything in article 168, Legislature could provide by legislation for the abolishing of a State Assembly in a Province that has one or for the formation of one in a Province that does not have one, if indeed the State’s Legislative Body moves a decree that influences with a supermajority of the Assembly and a greater part of not just under 2\3 of the participants in attendance and voting
• Every law referred to in section (1) must include measures for constitutional amendments as would be essential to give result to the law’s contents, as well as any additional, ancillary, or consequent measures that Parliament deems essential
• For the idea of article 368, currently, no specific measure shall be construed as an alteration to this Constitution

Article 170: Composition of the Legislative Assemblies

• The Legislative Power of every State should be composed of nothing above 500 and nothing less than 60 persons elected directly from geographical constituencies within the City, according to the rules of article 333
• For the reason of subsection (1), every State must be split into geographical constituencies in a way so that, to the extent practical, the proportion among the population of every electorate and the total count of seats awarded to it is uniform across the State

• Clarification.— The term “population” in this sentence refers to the population as determined by the most recent census for which data have already been posted:
• However, any referral in this Interpretation to the latest statistics about which appropriate numbers have been released must be read as a referral to the 2001 census unless appropriate numbers for the very first censuses performed following 2026 have already been released.

• The overall number of seats within every State’s Legislative Council and the partition of every State among geographical constituencies must be realigned after every enumeration by these authorities and in this way, as Legislature might by-laws ascertain. Given, however, that this revision does not affect membership in the Legislative Council till the existing Legislature is dissolved:
• Except, therefore, that certain realignment shall bring effect from the date specified by the Presidency by decree, and any elections to the State Assembly might well be conducted on the ground of the geographical constituency in effect before these realignments:
• It should not be necessary to modify until the appropriate numbers for the very first censuses done following the year 2026 have already been posted—
• The overall amount of seats within every State’s Legislative Council, as realigned by the 1971 census; and
• Underneath Article 170: Composition of the Legislative Assemblies, the partition of these kinds of States into territory districts might well be realigned based on the census 2001.

Conclusion

We’ve covered some of the articles of State Legislature, like Article 169: Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States, in this post. One drawback is that states are not required to have a commission, which disrupts the consistency of state legislatures across the country. We believe that the State Legislature structure ought to be consistent. However, this might be seen as part of the Indian Constitution’s elegance, as it allows the State Assembly to deliberate on a similar topic. The functioning, ways of operations, and numerous powers provided to the State Legislature are all spelt forth in Part VI of the Constitution.