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According to the criteria established by international law, a sovereign nation is one that possesses a clearly delineated territory and only one central government. These states are able to establish diplomatic relations with other sovereign nations as a result of their permanent populations. Many smaller or less prominent nations are countries that are relatively unknown throughout the world, in contrast to the majority of major sovereign nations, which are well known throughout the world.
Sovereignty
The concept of sovereignty, on the other hand, is frequently misunderstood.
According to Lassa Oppenheim, there is no concept whose interpretation is more contentious than that of sovereignty. There has never been a single interpretation of the term “sovereignty” that has been accepted universally since the first time it was used in political science until the present day. This is a fact that is uncontested. “sovereignty is neither a question of fact nor a question of law, but a question that does not arise at all,” according to Justice Evatt of the High Court of Australia.
Even though the term “sovereignty” frequently refers to both ancient and modern forms of government, the modern state retains some connections to the form of government that was first observed in the 15th century. At that time, the term “state” also first meant what it does today. As a consequence of this, the term is typically reserved for use in reference to contemporary political systems.
Characteristics
- Nation-states are distinguished from pre-national states by a number of distinguishing features, many of which are now regarded as essential components of a modern state but which emerged independently in each case. Their land is regarded as semisacred and cannot be sold or given away in any way. In economic, social, and cultural life, nation-states utilise the state as an instrument of national unity through the use of the state. Nation-states, being smaller and less diverse than their imperial ancestors, typically have a public administration that is more centralised and uniform than their imperial ancestors had. After the rise of the nation-state in Europe during the 19th century, regional identities were typically relegated to a secondary status to national identities. The regional administration was frequently subordinate to the central (national) government as well. Since the 1970s onward, a variety of different types of regional autonomy have been implemented in states that were previously centralised, which has resulted in a partial reversal of this process (e.g., France).
- In a similar vein, it may be time to reconsider the concept of establishing distinct personal laws for each of the various religious faiths. Introducing a standardised civil code is one possibility; however, Yadav has recently proposed that another alternative would be to maintain distinct family laws while simultaneously eliminating any restrictive clauses they may contain
List of Sovereign Nation
- China
- India
- United States
- Indonesia
- Pakistan
- Nigeria
- Brazil
- Bangladesh
- Russia
- Mexico
- Japan
- Ethiopia
- Philippines
- Egypt
- Vietnam
- DR Congo
- Iran
- Turkey
- Germany
- Thailand
- United Kingdom
- France
- Tanzania
- South Africa
- Italy
- Kenya
- Myanmar
- Colombia
- South Korea
- Uganda
- Spain
- Argentina
- Sudan
- Algeria
- Ukraine
- Iraq
- Canada
- Morocco
- Poland
- Saudi Arabia
- Uzbekistan
- Peru
- Malaysia
- Mozambique
- Ghana
- Yemen
- Nepal
- Venezuela
- Madagascar
- Cameroon
- Ivory Coast
- Niger
- Australia
- North Korea
- Taiwan
- Burkina Faso
- Sri Lanka
- Mali
- Malawi
- Zambia
- Syria
- Chile
- Kazakhstan
- Romania
- Guatemala
- Ecuador
- Senegal
- Chad
- Netherlands
- Cambodia
- Somalia
- Zimbabwe
- Guinea
- Rwanda
- Benin
- Burundi
- Tunisia
- Bolivia
- Haiti
- Belgium
- South Sudan
- Cuba
- Dominican Republic
- Czech Republic
- Greece
- Jordan
- Azerbaijan
- Honduras
- Sweden
- Portugal
- United Arab Emirates
- Tajikistan
- Hungary
- Belarus
- Papua New Guinea
- Austria
- Israel
- Switzerland
- Togo
- Serbia
- Sierra Leone
- Laos
- Paraguay
- Libya
- Bulgaria
- Nicaragua
- Kyrgyzstan
- Lebanon
- El Salvador
- Turkmenistan
- Singapore
- Denmark
- Republic of the Congo
- Finland
- Norway
- Slovakia
- Palestine
- Oman
- Liberia
- Costa Rica
- Ireland
- Central African Republic
- Mauritania
- New Zealand
- Panama
- Kuwait
- Croatia
- Moldova
- Georgia
- Eritrea
- Uruguay
- Mongolia
- Bosnia And Herzegovina
- Jamaica
- Qatar
- Armenia
- Albania
- Lithuania
- Namibia
- Gambia
- Botswana
- Gabon
- Lesotho
- Slovenia
- Guinea Bissau
- Latvia
- Bahrain
- Equatorial Guinea
- Trinidad And Tobago
- Timor Leste
- Estonia
- Mauritius
- Cyprus
- Eswatini
- Djibouti
- Fiji
- Comoros
- Guyana
- Bhutan
- Solomon Islands
- Luxembourg
- Montenegro
- Western Sahara
- Suriname
- Cape Verde
- Maldives
- Brunei
- Malta
- Belize
- Bahamas
- Iceland
- Vanuatu
- Barbados
- Sao Tome And Principe
- Samoa
- Saint Lucia
- Kiribati
- Micronesia
- Grenada
- Saint Vincent And the Grenadines
- Tonga
- Antigua And Barbuda
- Seychelles
- Andorra
- Dominica
- Marshall Islands
- Saint Kitts And Nevis
- Monaco
- Liechtenstein
- San Marino
- Palau
- Cook Islands
- Tuvalu
- Nauru
- Niue
- Vatican City
Conclusion
Despite the fact that the Peace of Westphalia did not put an end to the war in Europe, it did set a precedent for peace to be achieved through diplomatic congress and it did usher in a new system of political order in Europe that was predicated on the idea of sovereign states coexisting with one another.
