How Does Magnetic Dipole and Magnetic Intensity Connect With Each Other?

Before trying to understand what is the relation between magnetisation and magnetic intensity, we must start by understanding the basics, including magnetic dipole and magnetic intensity. A magnetic dipole is a tiny and generally microscopic magnet. It is equal in size to the flow of an electric charge around a loop. On the other hand, magnetic intensity is a vector quantity defined as the ability of a magnetic field to magnetise any other object in its field. Magnetic intensity at any point is defined as the force the north-pole experiences when it is placed in a field.  

Magnetisation 

The density induced by the moment of any magnetic dipoles when a magnetic material is placed in proximity to a magnet is called magnetisation. This can also be achieved by passing an electric current through the material instead of placing it near a magnet. It is a vector quantity.

It can also be defined as the net magnetic moment per unit volume. This definition Mathematically equates to,

Mz = Mnet/V

The SI unit of Magnetisation is A/m (Ampere per metre).

What is the Relation Between Magnetisation and Magnetic Intensity? 

The relation between the intensity of magnetisation, denoted by I, and magnetic intensity, denoted by H, is defined by the following mathematical formula:

I = kH

Here, k is denoted by the magnetic susceptibility of the magnetised substance. From the equation, it may be concluded that magnetisation and magnetic intensity are directly proportional to each other. However, that’s not the case. When H is increased from zero, I does linearly follow and increases with H but then starts increasing non-linearly. Soon it reaches its maximum value, where no matter how much H is increased, I do not go beyond that specific point. This maximum value is known as the saturation value. When H is equal to zero, the value of I at that point is known as remanence.

Are The Magnetic Moment and Magnetic Dipole The Same? 

Magnetic Dipole

A magnetic dipole is generally tiny in size, somewhere between microscopic to subatomic in dimensions, and is equivalent to the flow of electric charge around a loop. Some examples of magnetic dipoles are electrons around nuclei, electrons spinning on their axes, etc. If the sum of all these effects on an atom is not fully cancelled, then that atom is a permanent magnetic dipole; an iron atom is an example of a permanent magnetic dipole.

Magnetic Moment

A magnetic moment is a vector quantity and can be defined as the magnetic capability of any object to align itself with the magnetic field. The magnetic moment is also known as the magnetic dipole moment. The direction of this alignment is from its south to the magnet’s north pole. This magnetic moment can be directly proportional to the magnetic field created by that magnet. This magnetic moment is generated by either the motion of electrical charge or spin angular momentum.

Are Both Quantities The Same?

Hence, magnetic dipole and magnetic moment aren’t the same things. A magnetic dipole is a physical thing, whereas a magnetic moment is a number that quantifies the nature of the dipole.

What is The Relation Between Magnetic Dipole Moment and Magnetic Field? 

If you are looking for an answer, what is the relation between magnetic dipole moment and magnetic field? Then carry on reading the points below.

Magnetic Dipole Moment 

An object’s magnetic dipole moment or thing can be defined by the torque experienced by that object in a certain magnetic field. This definition is mathematically represented as:

=m×B

τ is the torque acting over the dipole, B is termed as the outside magnetic field, and m is termed as a magnetic moment.

Magnetic Field 

A magnetic field describes the magnetic influence on different electrical charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials in a vector field. The force experienced by a moving charge in a magnetic field is perpendicular to its own velocity and the magnetic field.

What is The Relation Between The Two?

The magnetic field present in any magnetic dipole can be proportional to the respective magnetic dipole moment. The dipole component present in any element’s magnetic field can be witnessed to be symmetric along the direction of the magnetic dipole moment. It decreases in relation to the distance from the object as the distance’s inverse cube. 

Conclusion 

A magnetic dipole is a microscopic magnet, whereas magnetic intensity is the ability of a magnet to magnetise any object in its magnetic field. Hence, they both aren’t the same, since a magnetic dipole is a physical object, whereas magnetic intensity is a quantity.

What is the relation between magnetisation and magnetic intensity? It is defined using the simple formula,

I = kH

Where I and H are not directly proportional and are not linear in increment or decrement when the other value changes.

Magnetisation is the density induced by the magnetic dipoles when placed in proximity to a magnet. Magnetic dipole moment is defined by the torque and the magnetic field the object experiences.