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In the absence of disrupting events, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium states that genetic variation in a population will remain constant from generation to generation, because genotype and allele frequencies are in equilibrium when mating is random in a large population with no disruptive events, the rule predicts that both genotype and allele frequencies will remain constant.
Mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, genetic drift and gene flow are among causes that can disrupt the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. By bringing new alleles into a population, mutations, for example, upset the balance of allele frequencies.
Question
Q.1. Among the following which does not belong to the Hardy-Weinberg Principle?
Frequency remained fixed through generations
Gene pool remains a constant
Allele frequency varies from species
Used algebraic equations
Answer: Allele frequency varies from species is the Correct Answer. The frequency of alleles does not differ between species. According to the Hardy Weinberg principle, the frequency in a population is always fixed or constant. Any population’s alleles and total genes stay constant and so stable.
Q.2. The Total sum of all the frequencies of the allele is ………….
Two
One
Four
Three
Answer: The Correct answer is one. The cumulative sum of all the frequencies of an allele is one, according to the Hardy Weinberg principle. It demonstrates that the gene pool is constant, i.e. one. As a result, it’s also known as genetic equilibrium.
Q.3. What is the Hardy Weinberg Equation?
p2 + q2 = 1
p2 + q22 = 1
p2 + q2 = 0
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Answer: The Correct Equation is p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1. The allele AA is represented by p2 and the allele aa is represented by q2. This demonstrates that in multiplication, p, q and A, are connected. As a result, 2pq stands for Aa.
Q.4. p and q of the Hardy Weinberg equation represent …………. Of a diploid Organism.
Frequency of only allele A
Frequency of allele p
Frequency of allele A and a
Frequency of the only allele a
Answer: The Correct Answer is Frequency of allele A and a. Individual frequencies are denoted by the letters p and q. P and q, on the other hand, explain the frequency of allele A and allele in a diploid organism. AA is represented by p2, while aa is represented by q2.
Q.5. whether the statement is true or false
The difference in frequencies indicates the extent of evolutionary change
False
True
Answer: True is the Correct Answer. It is true that allele frequency is the primary driver of evolution. Evolutionary change occurs when the frequency of a population changes due to migration or other circumstances.
Q.6. Mention how many factors affect the Hardy Weinberg Principle?
Four
Six
Five
Seven
Answer: The Correct option is Five. According to Hardy Weinberg, there are five factors that influence this principle. Gene migration, also known as gene flow, genetic drift, mutation, genetic recombination, and natural selection are all examples of these processes. Each component has a significant impact on evolution.
Q.7.Which one does not belong to the factors affecting the Hardy Weinberg Principle?
Genetic Drift
Gene Migration
Mutation
Genetic drop
Answer: Genetic drop is the Correct Answer. According to Hardy Weinberg, there are five factors that influence this principle. Gene migration, also known as gene flow, genetic drift, mutation, genetic recombination and natural selection are all examples of these processes. Each component has a significant impact on evolution.
Q.8. The process by which some species migrate from their original location to a new location, changing the allele frequency, is known as .
Gene Migration
Gene Drift
Genetic Recombination
Gene Travel
Answer: The Correct Answer is Gene Migration. When certain species migrate from their original location to a new location, this is known as gene migration or gene flow. This alters the allele frequency in both the old and new locations. As a result, new genes or alleles are added to the new population while old ones are deleted.
Q.9. Gene drift occurs when gene migration occurs …….
Spontaneously
By chance
Due to disaster
Slowly
Answer: The correct option is By chance. When genes migrate many times, this is known as gene flow. A phenomenon known as gene drift occurs when this happens by coincidence. It can’t happen on its own, slowly, or as a result of a calamity.
Q.10. Which among the following is the Correct Statement for Founder Effect?
The old population become founders
Named after the scientist John Founder
Formation of new species
No large change in frequency
Answer: The Correct answer is Formation of new species. Some species migrate to new locations. This completely affects the allele frequency and distinguishes them as different species. As a result, the first species to move become founders. As a result, the term “founder effect” was coined.
Q.11. What tends to the formation of new Phenotypes?
Pre-existing helpful mutations
Pre-existing disadvantageous mutations
Post-existing helpful mutations
Post-existing advantageous mutations
Answer: The Correct Answer is Post-existing helpful mutations. Pre-existing beneficial or advantageous mutations result in the creation of new phenotypes, according to microbial tests. This eventually leads to a process known as speciation. Mutation is also linked to the emergence of novel phenotypes.
Q.12. Mention which is not a necessary condition of Hardy- Weinberg Equilibrium?
Large Population
Random Mating
No mutation
Migration of Individuals
Answer: The Correct answer is Migration of Individuals. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is defined by five requirements.
There is no natural selection.
A sizable population
Mating at random
There are no mutations.
There will be no migration.
Q.13. Which of the Following are important aspects of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium EXCEPT ……..
Migration
Temperature
Mutations
Population Size
Answer: The Correct answer is Temperature. When the gene frequencies in a population do not fluctuate over time, it is said to be in equilibrium. This indicates that the population is not changing.
Large population size, no mutations, random mating, no net migration and equally successful reproduction potential for all genes in the population are the five conditions. Temperature is a significant factor in this.
