Atmosphere MCQ

1. Which of the following statements about the ionosphere is correct?

I. It is the uppermost layer of the atmosphere;

II. The molecules and atoms of nitrogen and oxygen in this layer absorb some of the solar radiation and become ionized; and

III. This layer is responsible for reflecting back the radio wave transmitted from the earth

1. 1. I and II
   2. I and II
   3. II and III
   4. I II and III

Answer: Option C. II and III

Explanation: The following are true about the ionosphere: This layer’s molecules and atoms of nitrogen and oxygen receive some solar energy and get ionized, and it is responsible for reflecting back the radio wave transmitted from the earth.

2. Arrange the following atmospheric gasses in ascending order of volume::,I. Nitrogen,II. Oxygen,III. Carbon dioxide,IV. Argon

1. 1. I II III IV
   2. I II IV III
   3. III IV II I
   4. IV III II I

Answer: Option C. III IV II I

Explanation: The gasses in the atmosphere are carbon dioxide, argon, oxygen, and nitrogen in increasing order of volume

3. Due to ________, the wind in the Southern Hemisphere is diverted to the left

1. 1. Temperature variations
   2. Rotation of the earth
   3. Difference in pressure
   4. Difference in water content

Answer: Option B. Rotation of the earth

Explanation: Circulating air is deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere due to the Earth’s rotation on its axis. The Coriolis effect is the name given to this deflection.

4. Local thunderstorms known as ‘Nor westers’ are common in .

1. 1. Punjab
   2. West Bengal
   3. Andhra Pradesh
   4. Tamil Nadu

Answer: Option B. West Bengal

Explanation: In West Bengal, ‘nor westers,’ or local thunderstorms, are common. Kalbaishakhi is the name given to a local rain and thunderstorm. They normally make their way from west to east.

5. Which of the following winds is incorrectly associated with the area where it prevails?

1. 1. Berg wind – South eastern Africa
   2. Karaburan – Tarim basin of Sinkiang
   3. Southerly Burster – New South Wales
   4. Hurricanes – New Zealand

Answer : Option D

Explanation:A hurricane is a type of tropical cyclone that forms over tropical or subtropical oceans. Only tropical cyclones that form over the Atlantic or eastern Pacific Oceans are classified as hurricanes.

6. Warm, dry winds coming down the east slopes of the Rockies are referred to as .

1. 1. Mistral
   2. Nor’ westers
   3. Foehn
   4. Chinook

Answer: Option D. Chinook

Chinook winds are warm, dry winds that blow down the Rockies’ east slopes. They’re a type of warm, dry wind that blows down the side of a mountain after warm air has lost its moisture.

7. The study of atmospheric processes is known as

1. 1. Astrology
   2. Meteorology
   3. Seismology
   4. Astronomy

Answer: Option  B. Meteorology

Explanation: It is the branch of science concerned with atmospheric dynamics, such as weather forecasting. Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere, with emphasis on weather processes and forecasting.

Take a look at the following statements:
8. Tropical cyclones have circular isobars.,2. Tropical cyclones originate entirely within the tropical air mass.,3. The intensity and magnitude of hurricanes generally exceed those of typhoons.,4. Tropical cyclones are more destructive than the western disturbances.,Select the correct answer by using the following codes

1. 1. 1 2 and 4
   2. 1 only
   3. 2 and 3
   4. 3 and 4

Answer: Option A. 1 2 and 4

Explanation: Tropical cyclones have circular isobars. A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system that has a low-pressure core, a closed low-level air circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produces heavy rain. Tropical cyclones develop only in tropical air masses. Tropical cyclones are huge engines powered by warm, wet air. As a result, they only occur around the equator over warm ocean waters. The warm, moist air above the lake surface rises. Tropical cyclones are more powerful than disturbances in the western hemisphere. Tropical cyclones at sea produce huge waves, torrential rain, flooding, and strong winds, disrupting international trade and, in some cases, resulting in shipwrecks.

9. Fog formation agents do not include .

1. 1. High relative humidity
   2. Diurnal temperatures of short ranges
   3. Winter season
   4. Rapid radiation

Answer: Option B. Diurnal temperatures of short ranges

Explanation: Diurnal temperatures of short ranges are not agents of fog generation. The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is defined as the diurnal temperature range (DTR), which describes within-day temperature variability and shows weather stability

10. Which of the following forces is most powerful in determining wind movement, including velocity?

1. 1. The force of gravity
   2. The centrifugal force
   3. C.Frictional force
   4. D.Pressure gradient force

Answer : Option D.Pressure gradient force

Explanation: The pressure gradient force is the most strong in determining wind movement, especially velocity. Wind is the movement of air across the Earth’s surface caused by variations in air pressure between locations.

11. _______ measures atmospheric humidity.

1. 1. Psychrometer
   2. Anemometer
   3. Lysimeter
   4. Hydrometer

Answer: Option A. Psychrometer

Explanation: A psychrometer is used to detect atmospheric humidity. A psychrometer measures humidity by obtaining temperature readings from both the wet and dry bulbs.

12. What is the temperature of the atmosphere’s warmest layer?

1. 1. Thermosphere
   2. Troposphere
   3. Stratosphere
   4. Mesosphere:

Answer: Option A-Thermosphere

Explanation: A layer of the Earth’s atmosphere known as the thermosphere. The thermosphere is located right above the mesosphere and beneath the exosphere. It stretches from around 90 kilometers (56 miles) to 500 to 1,000 kilometers (311 to 621 miles) above our world. The thermosphere is the uppermost layer in the atmosphere, positioned above the mesosphere, based on the vertical temperature profile.