PANCHAYATI RAJ

The inception of the Panchayati raj system was one of the most important systems that created the metamorphosis of the Indian political system. This one is considered one of the oldest systems of governance in Indian history. The system is often referred to as the three-tier system in India. The word means the assembly of five. 

The system helped in enhancing connectivity across different parts of India. This helped in strengthening the network that made the implementation mechanism of different policies of the government easy. The rapid mass involvement in the system encouraged the people’s participation and thus the unity and confidence in the system were restored. 

The Panchayati raj system created gram panchayats at each village, the next level is called the panchayat samitis and finally the last part of the three-tier system is called the Zilla Parishad.  

Explain in detail the Panchayati raj system

Balwant Rai Mehta pioneered the inception of the Panchayati raj system in the working of modern India. The need was felt for the use of a system of effective connection in India. The system was introduced through the 73rd and 74th amendments of the constitution in India. 

The progress and upliftment of India towards modernization could be achieved only through a well-detailed frame of the network that would help the government in reaching out to the absolute lower level of the society. This mechanism was proposed in the Balwant Rai Mehta committee report, which came to be known as the Panchayati raj system in Indian history

This is also the three-tier system that developed the formation of gram panchayat at each village level, followed by panchayat samitis at the middle level and the Zilla Parishad at the level of each district. Through this network, it was made possible to connect every person of India to the government to avail them of the chance of various government policies.

Which amendment of the constitution included the Panchayati raj and its features?

The Panchayati raj system was incorporated into the Indian constitution through the 73rd and 74th Amendments. This system is considered very pivotal in Indian history. The various features of these amendments were the formation of various units at each level of India like gram panchayat municipalities, to promote democracy. 

The three twist system was made in every village except the states having a population below 20 lakhs. The filling of the vacant position in these bodies was done through the proper election and the members were elected. The seat reservation for the backward classes was done as per the government norms and regulations. 

The necessary delegation of power was done in the panchayats so that they could form their plans for social justice and economic development. The allocation of the budget was also done under these amendments to ensure that the targets were achieved. These amendments also focused on the establishment of a finance commission in each state so that necessary funds can be allocated to these bodies as required. 

Explain in detail the composition of panchayats, panchayat samitis and Zila Parishad.

The village under the Panchayati raj system was divided into various wards and an elected member represented each such ward in the gram panchayats. The head of the panchayats is called the sarpanch. These ward representatives are from the members of the gram panchayats. 

The panchayat samitis have a chairman, who is officially the head and other members are the sarpanch of various villages. Women’s representation was also made in these bodies. The members of the Zilla Parishad are the elected people from the district. 

The Zila Parishad also has officers and office bearers like the chairperson of various block amenities, president and vice-presidents. In the Zilla Parishad, 1/3rd representatives are women, representatives of various backward classes are also present in these bodies. Important officials and dignitaries like police officers, judges, MP, MLA ate also part of these. 

Conclusions

Balwant Rai Mehta was the initiator of the Panchayati raj system. The system was one of the most significant measures that aimed at connecting different parts of India through the framework of politics in Indian history

The system propagates the formation of the gram panchayat, the panchayat samitis and the Zilla Parishad at each level. The three-tier systems enhance the people’s participation and ensure that they also contribute significantly to the nation-building process. 

The 73rd and 74th amendments of the constitution incorporated the Panchayati raj system into the framework of India. The gram panchayat is composed of people from that particular village including the heads known as the sarpanch and other elected members. The panchayat samitis and Zilla Parishad are other important bodies under the Panchayati raj system.