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CA Foundation Exam June 2023 » CA Foundation Study Material » Statistics » Karl Pearson’s Coefficient
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Karl Pearson’s Coefficient

Karl Pearson’s Coefficient is a mathematical tool that helps in signifying a relationship within two different variables that are calculated under the same scale or ratio.

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In today’s world, numerous researches take place on various subjects. The data that is derived from this research is usually expressed in the form of statistics. We see statistics all the time. From sports to science, from weather reports to lab reports, most of the data is often portrayed through statistics. Statistics and data analysis are two important aspects that have gained importance over the years. Thus, if two different variables of two different statistical or analytical reports have any sort of relationship, Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation is used to measure and identify the relationship.

Definition of Karl Pearson’s

Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation is a mathematical approach in which the numerical expression is used to estimate or determine the range or magnitude and the direction of the relationship between two linearly related variables. Karl Pearson’s Coefficient is a quantitative method that is often used in statistics. It is also known as the Pearsonian Coefficient of Correlation, and it is a widely accepted and widely used method. To calculate the measurement of the relationship between two variables Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation formula is used.

How to calculate Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation?

Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation formula is used to obtain accurate results. The formula includes denoting the coefficient of correlation as ‘r’. The complete formula is:

R = (n (∑xy)- (∑x)(∑y))/(√ [n ∑x2-(∑x)2][n ∑y2– (∑y)2)

Where

R = Pearson Coefficient

n = number of the pairs of the stock

∑xy = sum of products of the paired stocks

∑x = sum of the x scores

∑y= sum of the y scores

∑x2 = sum of the squared x scores

∑y2 = sum of the squared y scores

Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of skewness

Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Skewness method is another method that was made by Karl Pearson. This method is performed by using mean and mode, which tells that Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of skewness is calculated based on descriptive statistical methods.

Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Skewness formula

There are two different ways of calculating skewness through using Karl Pearson’s Skewness formula. 

1-     Karl Pearson’s Skewness formula through the usage of mode

– (Mean−Mode)/ S.D

2-     Karl Pearson’s Skewness formula through the usage of the median

– 3(Mean–Median)/ S.D

Use of Karl Pearson’s Coefficient Correlation 

Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation has many uses in the practical field. The following is a list that states the application of Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation in the practical field.

  1. Business Problems- The Karl Pearson coefficient of correlation method proves to be useful for banks. It helps a bank to identify or determine the correlation between the credit card delinquency rate of a card beholder and their income.

  2. Input Data- Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation method is also used in the input of data. It can be used to input the data of the monthly income of each credit card customer and the delinquency rate of each credit card customer.

  3. Business Benefit- Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation formula gives various benefits to a business. By using the above example, we can say that Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation formula also helps the credit card manager to decide an individual limit of credit by calculating the correlation coefficient between delinquency rates and income.

Apart from the above examples, analysis of correlation and the method of Karl Pearson correlation can also be applied to determine positive, and neutral correlations between a couple of different data points.

 Conclusion 

  Karl Pearson’s Coefficient correlation is an important method to obtain statistical information. This method is used in various researches and different data analysis projects. Karl Pearson’s coefficient correlation is an effective and accurate method and therefore it is used globally. Apart from statistical and analytical uses, Karl Pearson’s Coefficient Correlation has a lot of real-life uses as well. Therefore, to have a better understanding of how two different variables are related to each other and how they work, Karl Pearson’s coefficient correlation must be studied, understood, and applied.

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Frequently asked questions

Get answers to the most common queries related to the CA Examination Preparation.

What are the assumptions based on Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation?-

Ans : There are assumptions when using Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation. These assumptio...Read full

How to calculate Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation?

Ans : To calculate Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation the formula must be used....Read full

Does Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation have any effect over regression?

Ans : Karl Pearson’s Coefficient Correlation portrays the relationship between two different vari...Read full

Does coefficient correlation consist of units?

Ans : Coefficient of Correlation is free of units. It ranges from -1 to 1, where positive correlati...Read full

What is the use of the coefficient of correlation?

Ans : Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation can be used to study the strength and direction ...Read full

What is the use of the coefficient of correlation in real life?

Ans : Coefficient of Correlation has numerous real-life examples. When a human runs, he burns calor...Read full

Ans : There are assumptions when using Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation. These assumptions are easy to overlook. The assumptions are, the level of measurement, pairs are related, outliners are absent, and linearity. 

Ans : To calculate Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation the formula must be used.

R = (n (∑xy)- (∑x)(∑y))/(√ [n ∑x2-(∑x)2][n ∑y2– (∑y)2) is the formula of calculating the correlation of coefficient.

Ans : Karl Pearson’s Coefficient Correlation portrays the relationship between two different variables however; regression shows how one variable can have any effect on another variable. In the case of coefficient of correlation, it shows how two variables are together while they move, whereas regression shows how one variable can affect another. This means it shows a cause and effect relationship.

Ans : Coefficient of Correlation is free of units. It ranges from -1 to 1, where positive correlation is shown as p while negative ones are shown as -p.

 

Ans : Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation can be used to study the strength and direction of linear relationships between two different variables. After the distribution of both variables, Karl Pearson’s correlation must be used. 

 

 

Ans : Coefficient of Correlation has numerous real-life examples. When a human runs, he burns calories. The more he runs, the more he burns calories. It is a positive example of correlation. Similarly, when someone’s hair grows longer, the more amount of shampoo he/she needs. The more money a person saves, the more financial security he feels.

   

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