Geography of Bihar

Bihar is between the latitudes of 24°20’10″N and 27°31’15″N, and the longitudes of 83°19’50″E and 88°17’40″E in India’s eastern region. It is a completely landlocked state in the temperate zone’s subtropical section. Bihar is situated between the humid West Bengal in the east and the sub-humid Uttar Pradesh in the west, giving it a climate, economic, and cultural transition. It is bordered on the north by Nepal and on the south by Jharkhand. The Ganges, which flows across the centre of the Bihar plain from west to east, divides it into two unequal halves (North Bihar and South Bihar). Bihar’s terrain has an average elevation of 173 feet above sea level.

Size

If we talk about the size of Bihar, it is ninety four thousand one hundred sixty three km2. It is the twelfth largest state of India. Patna which is also known as Patliputra in ancient times is the  capital of the state. The official language of Bihar is Hindi. There are 38 administrative districts in Bihar. The other major important city of Bihar is Muzaffar. If we talk about the neighbouring states it is Uttar Pradesh. The southern side is hotter, Bihar shares boundary with Chargaon in the southern side. In the eastern side it is West Bengal and in the north there is another country, Nepal , the only international boundary. It is also said that this particular region is also known as the birthplace of both Buddhism and Jainism. Now, the four forest areas in the Bihar State is around seven point two seven percent only out of the total area of Bihar. 

Forest

That is around six thousand eight hundred forty five square kilometres. Six thousand eight hundred forty five square kilometres has been notified as natural forest area, which is around the central end of the geographical state area. The state has natural Sol forests in the district of west Champaran in the region of Shivalik. We get to see various varieties of Sol forest in this particular district of Bihar, that is best Champaran.  It is a very fertile alluvial plain occupying the Atlantic and Gangetic valley following out the major crops. The major crops that are basically growing in the region of Bihar are paddy and rice. The principal fruits that are produced are mangoes, bananas, jackfruit and lychee. These are the major fruits that are basically grown there in this particular region. 

River 

The major important river of Bihar is Ganga river. Down the river there is Kagura, which is a down river. There is the Kosi river ,and there is Mahan. These 5 all these are the major rivers of Bihar.  Kosi River is also known as the sorrow of Bihar because every year certain because of the sudden increase in the level of the water we get to see a lot of problems created in this particular region, a lot of problems leading to the floods. According to historical data, Bihar accounts for 16.5 percent of the overall flood-affected territory in India, as well as 22.1 percent of the flood-affected people. Flooding has affected approximately 68,800 square kilometres (26,600 square miles) of the overall geographical area of 94,160 square kilometres (36,360 square miles), or 73.06 percent. Floods in Bihar are a regular tragedy that kill thousands of people each year, as well as cattle and properties worth millions of dollars.

Plateau

The Southern Plateau Region, Bihar’s Gangetic Plain, and the Shivalik Region are divided into three divisions based on physical and structural factors. Between Kaimur district in the west and Banka district in the east is the Southern Plateau Region. It is made of gneiss, schist, and granite, which are all hard rocks. Pretshila, Ramshila, and Jethian hill are among the several conical hills built up of batholim in this region. Between the Southern Plateau and the Northern Mountains sits Bihar’s Plain. In both the north and south, it is bordered by the 150m contour line.

Climate

The winters in Bihar are mild, with temperatures ranging from 0 to 10 degrees Celsius (33 to 50 degrees Fahrenheit). December and January are the winter months. Summers are hot, with typical highs of 35–45 degrees Celsius (95–105 degrees Fahrenheit). The months of April to mid-June are the hottest. Rainfall is plentiful throughout the monsoon months of June, July, August, and September. The months of October and November, as well as February and March, enjoy a cool, pleasant climate.

Conclusion

In this essay, we have gone through Bihar’s geography, including its administrative zones, climate, soil types, rivers, and so forth. You will quickly learn some of the essential information about Bihar after reading this article on Bihar Geography. When you are looking more into it, try to understand all the portions with a map as well.