Brahmagupta: Biography, Facts

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Brahmagupta was indeed an Indian mathematician and astronomer. He decided to write the Brhmasphuasiddhnta, “fully established theory of Brahma,” released in 628, a theoretical dissertation, and also the Khandakhadyaka, “edible bite,” published in 665, a more functional tract. Brahmagupta was the first one to offer recommendations for working with zeroes. Brahmagupta’s works were published in Sanskrit elliptical verse, as was customary in Indian arithmetic. Because no evidence is provided, the results of Brahmagupta remain unknown.

Brahmagupta Biography

Bhillamala was indeed the capital of the Gurjaradesa, perhaps the Western nation’s second monarchy, that comprised contemporary India’s southern Jaipur and north Gujarat. This was also an arithmetic and astronomical research centre. 

Throughout this time, he had become an astronomer of the Brahmaraksha tradition, one of India’s four major astronomical schools. Scholars believe he instilled a large amount of inventiveness into his version, including a significant amount of new information. This volume is broken into 24 sections and contains 1008 Arya poems. It includes important chapters on mathematics like arithmetic, trigonometry, geometry, and algorithmics, which are thought to include new concepts attributed to Brahmagupta himself.

He studied the writings of Aryabhata I, Pradyumna, Latadeva, Varahamihira, Srisena, Simha, and Vijayanandan, as well as Vishnuchandra and the five traditional Indian astrological Siddhanta.

Brahmaputra’s Inventions

1. Brahmaputra’s Contribution To Mathematics

The qualities of the number zero were established by Brahmagupta, which was critical for the development of mathematics and science. Brahmagupta listed the qualities of zero as follows:

• When we reduce a number from itself, we obtain a zero
• Any number divided by zero yields a result of zero
• Zero divided by zero equals zero
• I found the formula for solving quadratic problems
• Almost exactly the value of pi (3.162….) He increased the value by 0.66 per cent, over the genuine value. (3.14)
• He calculated that the Earth is closer to the moon than the sun
• He calculated that the Earth is closer to the moon than the sun
• A formula for calculating the area of any four-sided shape whose corners touch the interior of a circle was discovered
• A year is 365 days, 6 hours, 12 minutes, and 9 seconds long
• Brahmagupta mentioned “gravity.” “Bodies fall toward the earth because it is a fact that the earth attracts bodies, just as it does in the nature of water to flow,” he says
• Brahmagupta invented guidelines for working with positive and negative numbers, including
• When we add a negative number to a negative number, it is a negative number.
• Subtracting a negative number from a positive number is equivalent to adding the two numbers
• A negative number multiplied by a negative number equals a positive number
• Negativity Positivity  negative figure

2. Contribution To Science And Astrology

Brahmagupta contended that the Earth and the universe are not flat but spherical. He was the first to utilise mathematics to forecast planet locations and lunar and solar eclipse timings. Though all of these appear to be obvious and straightforward solutions, they were significant scientific advancements at the time. He also computed the duration of the solar year to be 365 days, 5 minutes, and 19 seconds, which is quite close to today’s computation of 365 days, 5 hours, and 19 seconds. In one of his utterances, he also mentioned “gravity,” adding, “Bodies fall toward the earth as it is in the nature of the earth to attract bodies, just as it is in the properties of water to attract bodies.”

3. Brahmasphutasiddhanta by Brahmagupta

At the age of 30, Brahmagupta wrote his most famous book, the Brahmasphutasiddhanta, which means “the rectified treatise of Brahma,” in 628 AD. This book is divided into twenty-five chapters and has 1008 Sanskrit poems. Many of his original studies and calculations, according to scholars, are included in the book.

A large portion of the book is devoted to astronomical topics. However, it also includes a substantial amount of study in mathematics, such as algorithmics, trigonometry, geometry, and algebra. The book provides an excellent understanding of the importance of zero, principles for working with both positively and negatively integers, and formulae for calculating linear and quadratic equations. Brahmagupta contended that the Earth is not flat, as many people still thought.

4. Astronomy

• The Arabs learnt about Indian astronomy via the Brahmasphutasiddhanta. [17] Baghdad, under Al-Mansur, the legendary Abbasid caliph (712–775), was constructed on the banks of the Tigris and established as a centre of learning. In 770 A.D., the Caliph invited Kankah, the Ujjain scholar. Kankah explained the Hindu theory of arithmetic astronomy using the Brahmasphutasiddhanta. At the demand of the Caliph, Muhammad al-Fazari interpreted Brahmugupta’s book into Arabic
• He says that because the Moon is closer to the centre than the Sun, the degree of illumination relies on the relative locations of the Sun and the Moon, which can be calculated from the magnitude of the angle between the two objects 
• Brahmagupta made significant contributions to astronomy, including techniques for estimating the locations of celestial bodies over time (ephemerides), their arising and setting, connectives, and the computation of lunar and solar eclipses
• The Puranic belief that the Earth is flat was disputed by Brahmagupta. Instead, he noticed that the Earth and sky are round and that the Earth moves

Conclusion

Brahmagupta also proposed novel methods to solve quadratic equations that are familiar to current mathematicians. Brahmagupta developed techniques for determining the area (and diagonal lengths) of a cyclic quadrilateral, a four-sided object with vertices that are points on a circle. Brahmagupta’s theorem is the name given to his approach.

Brahmagupta researched several higher brain functions of algebra and geometry, each time expanding on and improving the ancient world’s mathematical legacy.