Temperature and Heat

Heat and temperature are two terms which we mostly use in our daily lives. while the temperature is an approach to measure the hotness or coldness of the body.

Heat

The heat refers to a kind of thermal energy that can be transferred from one type of energy to another. Heat increases as the temperature rises and decreases as the temperature falls.

Atoms and molecules make up everything in the universe. Kinetic energy is created when molecules and atoms in a body move, and heat is generated when they meet.

For example, when we fill a container with water and place it on the stove, the container heats up. The reason for this is that water molecules flow in all directions equally and clash with one another, causing the water’s temperature to rise and grow hotter.

The SI unit of heat is taken as Joule (J) and also calories (Cal).

1 cal = 4.186 J

Heat Transfer

Heat can be transported from one body to another or from one part of a body to another. The term heat transfer refers to the study of techniques and procedures for transmitting thermal energy. There must be a temperature difference between two bodies to permit heat transfer. For heat to move from one body to the other, these bodies must be at two different temperatures, one greater than the other.

This means that no heat is transferred between two bodies of the same temperature. At the same time, it’s critical to understand that heat only transfers from a hotter body to a cooler one.

Process of Heat Transfer

There are three processes of heat transfer which are given here.

Conduction

The conduction process which occurs in the solid state of matter. When the solid is heated, its molecules gain kinetic energy and oscillate around their mean position. The good conductor must have particles which are close together to collide with one another.

Convection

The process of heat transmission through liquids and gases is known as convection. Fill a container halfway with cold liquid. Then, over the flame, set the container. The liquid in the container’s middle heats up and thickens, followed by the cold liquid taking its place and the hot liquid exiting the top surface. The process of convection is demonstrated in this illustration.

Radiation

Radiation is a technique of transferring heat from the sun. This heat transfer from sun does not require any medium or energy transfer in the form of radio waves.

Temperature

Temperature is the hotness or coldness of an object. More specifically, it is the way to determine the kinetic energy of the particles within an object. faster movement of particles, greater is the temperature and vice versa. The common conceptions of hot and cold have evolved into the concept of temperature. The sense of what is hot or cold is subjective. For instance, if you put one hand in hot water and the other in cold water, then put both hands in tepid water, the tepid water will feel cool to the hot water hand and warm to the cold – water hand. Your senses of heat and cold are less vague than the scientific concept of temperature. The operational definition of temperature is what we can measure with a thermometer. (Many physical quantities are defined entirely by their measurement methods.)

SI unit of Temperature

SI unit of temperature is considered Kelvin which is denoted by K.

Measurements of Temperature

We must use an indirect method to determine the kinetic energy of a substance’s molecules because molecules are such small particles. The molecules of a substance move faster when it is heated. Most materials’ volume or space occupied increased slightly as a result of the increased movement (motion). Thermometers are devices that use the expansion of a material to determine the temperature indirectly.

Temperature Scales

There are three mostly used scales for the measurement of temperature: Fahrenheit scale, Celsius scale and Kelvin scale.

Temperature and Heat: Difference

Heat is a unit of measurement for the transmission of thermal energy between molecules within a system. Heat is a measurement of how much energy moves or flows.

Temperature is measured in Celsius (°C), Kelvin (K), and Fahrenheit (°F) and describes the average kinetic energy of molecules inside a material or system. It’s a state variable, which is a measurable physical property of an object. Other physical properties that can be measured include velocity, mass, and density.

There are some differences between heat and temperature which are given here.

1. Heat is a form of energy that can be transferred from a hot to a cool temperature body. Whereas the temperature of a body determines the degree of hotness or coolness.
2. Heat is the total kinetic and potential energy obtained by molecules in a given object. Whereas temperature is the average K.E of molecules in a substance.
3. The SI unit of heat is considered as Joule. Whereas SI unit of temperature is considered as kelvin.

Conclusion

Heat can be transported from one body to another or from one part of a body to another. SI unit of heat is considered as Joule and also considered as Calorie.

The relationship between joule and calorie is given as

1 cal = 4.186 J

Heat can be transported from one body to another or from one part of a body to another. The conduction process takes place in a solid-state of matter. Convection is the way heat flows through liquids and gases. Radiation is a method of transferring heat from the sun. Temperature is the hotness or coldness of a body. There are three mostly used scales for the measurement of temperature: Fahrenheit scale, Celsius scale and Kelvin scale. Heat is a form of energy that can be transferred from a hot to a cool temperature body. Whereas the temperature of a body determines the degree of hotness or coolness.