A Simple Note On Executive Powers

The Executive is the government’s most powerful organ. It is the organ in charge of carrying out the legislature’s laws and the government’s policies. The emergence of the welfare state has greatly expanded the state’s and, in actuality, the executive’s tasks. In ordinary parlance, the executive is associated with the government. In today’s world, the power of executive and influence has grown dramatically in every state. The executive department includes all government personnel who are not working in a legislative or judicial capacity in its broadest meaning. It encompasses all government entities tasked with carrying out the people’s will to be expressed in law.

Parts of Executive

The political executive (Ministers and the Head of State) and the non-political permanent executive are clearly defined by these two concepts (Civil Service or Bureaucracy). 

1. Ministers (Political Executive)

It comprises the state’s executive head and several executive department heads, known as ministers. Ministers are the highest-ranking officials in the government. They are primarily elected representatives of the people, and they are accountable to the public for all of their choices and policies. Political executives are appointed for a five-year term. In the sense that it changes after each election, it serves as a temporary executive. Ministers must run for re-election after completing one term. Only when the party to which they belong returns to the power of executive as the dominant party will they be able to become ministers again. 

2. Permanent Executive (Civil Servants) (non-political)

From the lowest to the highest levels, it is made up of public officials (Bureaucracy). Working in government departments conducts day-to-day administration. Civil servants are unaffiliated with any political party. They have no political party to which they must pledge allegiance. Their job is to follow the government’s laws and policies without regard for politics. They are individuals who have received special education and training. They’re pros and specialists. Furthermore, they provide professional opinion and counsel to the political executive and gather, classify, and present data on which the latter makes all decisions.

President Of India

The President of India, both the official head of state and the nation’s emblem, has the power of executive control over the Indian government. The Indian Constitution, on the other hand, bestows authority and prestige on the President without granting sufficient authority to rule. Instead, the President serves mostly as a ceremonial figurehead. The Prime Minister has genuine executive authority. The Prime Minister exercises real executive power. While the President is the head of the state, the Prime Minister is the head of the government. The President carries out the actual functions of the government only with the aid and advice of the Prime Minister. As one political scientist observed, for a President to use the executive powers formally vested in the office would be to misuse and abuse the trust reposed in the highest dignitary in the land.

 Executive Powers Of The President

Article 53 deals with the President of India’s executive authority. The executive power of the President is separated into ordinary powers and emergency powers. The President’s enduring powers are divided into four categories: executive, legislative, financial, and judicial. Both administrative and military authorities are vested in the President.

• The President has the authority to appoint and remove high-ranking government officials
• In his name, the Indian government does all organisational activities
• He has the power to establish regulations for the authentication of orders and other instruments issued and executed in his name
• He appoints the prime minister and the rest of the cabinet. They assist him when he is at ease
• He appoints India’s Attorney General and determines his remuneration. The Attorney General serves at the President’s pleasure
• The executive power meaning the president, is the Indian comptroller and auditor general, the chief election commissioner and other election commissioners, the chairman and members of the Union Public Service Commission, state governors, the chairman and members of the Finance Commission, and other authorities
• He can recommend that the Prime Minister submit any topic on which a minister has reached a decision but has not been considered by the council of ministers to the council of ministers
•  The executive power of the president is to appoint a commission to look into the conditions of SC’s, ST’s, and other underprivileged people

Conclusion

Although the main goal of India’s separation of powers was to allow each pillar of our democracy (Legislative, Executive, and Judiciary) to work independently in their domains without interference, certain provisions of our Indian Constitution give the Executive a broad range of powers because the executive power meaning is to play an important role in all three domains, according to our Constitution. However, its performance in the other two domains demonstrates its superiority to the other pillars of our democracy. In the Judiciary, even after the Supreme Court’s final decision, the President has the power to grant pardons to the convicted, demonstrating the Executive’s superiority over the Judiciary. These powers assigned to the Executive by our Constitution demonstrate the Executive’s superiority in our country.