Cyclones and Tornado

Introduction 

Both cyclones and tornadoes are stormy atmospheric systems with the ability to cause havoc. They occur as a result of atmospheric instabilities. Typhoons, hurricanes, tropical cyclones, and other names for these storms vary depending on their location and severity of severe weather. Tropical cyclones are formed in locations such as the Pacific Islands, Northern Australia, and other parts of the globe. Tornadoes have been spotted on every continent except Antarctica. With an average of 1200 in the United States, the Netherlands has the highest frequency.

Cyclones 

• As water requires heat to transform from a liquid to a vapour, when water vapour condenses into a liquid, it loses energy in the form of heat
• Before forming clouds, water absorbs heat from the atmosphere and transforms into vapour. This heat is discharged into the atmosphere as water vapour returns to liquid form as raindrops
• The heat that is discharged into the atmosphere warms the surrounding air. The air tends to rise, resulting in a decrease in pressure
• More air rushes to the storm’s centre, and the cycle repeats
• The sequence of events leads to the formation of a low-pressure system accompanied by exceptionally high-speed winds. This type of weather is referred to as a cyclone
•  Wind speed, direction, temperature, and humidity all have a role in the development of cyclones.

Structure of a Cyclone

•  A cyclone’s centre is a tranquil zone. It’s known as the storm’s eye
•  A large cyclone is a mass of air 10 to 15 kilometres high in the atmosphere that is violently spinning
• The eye’s diameter ranges from 10 to 30 kilometres. There are no clouds in this area, and the breezes are low
•  A 150-kilometre-wide cloud area surrounds its tranquil and beautiful eyes. High-speed winds and thick clouds with heavy rain are present in this area
•  The wind speed slowly diminishes as you travel further away from this place.

Cyclone Name 

In many places of the world, Cyclones are called by different names. In the American continent, for example, it is referred to as a ‘hurricane.’ It’s known as a ‘typhoon’ in the Philippines and Japan.       

Tornadoes

• A tornado is a black, funnel-shaped storm that descends from the sky
• The majority of tornadoes are weak. Tornadoes may move at rates of up to 300 miles per hour
• Within cyclones, tornadoes can form
• Tornadoes can have diameters as little as a metre and as large as a kilometre or even larger
• A tornado’s funnel pulls dust, debris, and everything else in its path at its base (owing to low pressure) and tosses it out near the top
• They are not particularly common in India

Destruction Caused by Cyclones

Even though the storm is hundreds of kilometres distant, strong winds force water towards the shore. These are the early signs of a storm approaching. The water surface in the centre is lifted by the low pressure in the eye. The water level might rise to 3–12 metres. It appears to be a water wall approaching the beach. As a result, seawater infiltrates low-lying coastal areas, resulting in:

• There has been a massive loss of lives and property
• The soil’s fertility is being depleted
• Severe flooding is a result of continuous heavy rain
• High-speed winds have caused damage to homes, trees, communication networks, and other structures.

Cyclones threaten India’s whole coastline, particularly the East Coast. In terms of both strength and frequency, the west coast of India is less prone to cyclonic storms. 

Effective Safety Measures

• A service that forecasts and warns about cyclones
• Notification of government agencies, ports, fishers, ships, and the public promptly
• Building cyclone shelters in cyclone-prone areas, as well as administrative measures for quickly relocating people to safer locations

Some Preventions for cyclones 

1. A cyclone forecast and warning service.
2. Shifting the people quickly to a safer place.
3. Construction of storm shelters.
4. Afforestation.
5. Construction of cyclone shelters in the cyclone-prone areas, and Administrative arrangements for moving people fast to safer places

Conclusion

During a tornado and cyclones, individuals are at risk of being struck by flying and falling debris due to extremely high winds and waves. The destruction left behind by a tornado and cyclones raises significant harm concerns. Although there is little that can be done to prevent tornadoes, you can take steps to safeguard your health and safety.