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Maratha state was the principal state of the Maratha dynasty that was ruled by Shivaji and other Maratha rulers. It was called the head preceding state that was situated in Baroda. Maharaja Gaikwad along with Hereditary were honoured by the British rulers with 21 gun salutes and from that time this state was called the Maratha salute state. In the period of the British India Region, a princely state was a type of general sovereign entity which was not governed by the British ruler directly, making the ruling procedure complex. Baroda was one of the most important Maratha states that were completely ruled by Maratha rulers.
Maratha Salute state
The Maratha salute state situated in Baroda was completely under the rule of Maratha rulers.
- Baroda, the name of the state, was primarily derived from Vadodara and Gaikwads were the real princes of the region
- In 1705, the Maratha rulers with their army attacked the Baroda, and the powerful Maratha ruler Khandi Rao Dabhade was killed “Damaji Rao Gaekwad” to capture the power of that region
- Before 1800, the state was not considered an independent state and was ruled under the guidance of the British rulers and Mughal emperors had also a great influence on that state
- In 1875, Sayaji Rao Gaekwad III became the ruler of the Maratha salute state and he made the state the most important princely state of India with an incredible improvement in the field of agriculture, and trade, arts as well as sports
- Sri Krishnamachari along with Raja Ravi Verma was the most famous minister of the state and had a great influence on the flourishing of the state in the context of financially, socially as well as culturally
- The Maratha salute state of Baroda has a good relationship with the surrounding powerful leaders like Mughal rulers as well as with the British rulers so this state became the most powerful princely state of India ruled by the Maratha rulers
Maratha Princely States
Another Maratha Princely State was seen in the region of Kolhapur State which was under the British India Region. The Maratha Princely State of Kolhapur was in the Deccan Division of the southern part of India and later it became the most important part of Bombay’s presidency. Kolhapur State was the fourth important Maratha Princely State that was ruled by the Maratha Rulers after the princely state of Baroda, Gwalior as well as Indore State. This particular state is also known for its 19 gun state of Maratha and this state was formerly ruled by the Shahuji and Shambhuji who were the procedures of Shivaji Maharaj. The Mughal emperor tried to capture Kolhapur state for its flourishment in terms of agriculture and trade performance.
Non-salute states
The Non-salute states under the Maratha dynasty were situated under the Maratha rulers and were principally situated in the region of Rajasthan which was very close to the Pakistan border. Before 1947, a total of 22 principal states were found under the British India Region of India. On the other hand, the non-salute states were also called the native states as these states were ruled by the native rulers like Maratha, Rajput rulers as well as Gurjara-Pratihara. Under the dynasty of Rajputana of the British India Region, Rajasthan was one of the most important princely states that were ruled by other native rulers rather than British rulers. The region of Mewar and its surrounding parts like Udaipur, Jodhpur, and Jaipur was under the rule of the Native rulers of Rajputana.
Conclusion
The princely states were commonly ruled by the local ruler, under the guidance of the indirect rules of British ruler’s and the Maratha salute state was one of the most significant states of that period. Before the independence of India in 1947, there were more than 250 princely states within the country’s boundary. The regional government created 21 princely states, and the Maratha rulers importantly ruled those states. Finally, four major princely states remained in the British India Region, which were in Hyderabad and Mysore. The other two important princely states were situated in Baroda and Jammu-Kashmir.
