Tropical and Extra Tropical Cyclone

Tropical Cyclone

• Tropical cyclones form over warm tropical oceans and intensify
• Tropical cyclones are intense storms that form over tropical areas and move to coastal areas, wreaking havoc with violent winds, torrential rainfall, and storm surges. It is one of the worst natural disasters ever
• In the Indian Ocean, they are known as cyclones
• Hurricanes occur in the Atlantic Ocean
• Typhoons concern the Western Pacific and the South China Sea
• Western Australia’s willy-willies

Tropical Cyclone Favourable Conditions:

• A large area of the sea surface with a temperature above 27° C
• The Coriolis force is present
• The vertical wind speed varies slightly
• A weak low-pressure area or low-level-cyclonic circulation that already exists
• Above the sea level system, there is a higher divergence

 The condensation process in the towering cumulonimbus clouds that surround the storm’s centre provides the energy that causes the storm to intensify.

• The moisture supply is cut off after the storm reaches land, and the storm evaporates
• The place where a tropical storm makes landfall on the shore is known as the cyclone’s landfall
• Cyclones that cross the 20° N latitude line often recurve, making them more destructive
• The eye, a powerful spirally revolving wind around the centre of a mature tropical cyclone, is its defining feature
• The circulating system’s diameter can range from 150 to 250 kilometres. The eye is a tranquil area with settling air
• The eyewall is a strong spiralling ascent of air to a greater height that reaches the tropopause around the eye. In this region, the wind can reach speeds of up to 250 kilometres per hour. There is a lot of rain here
• Rain bands may radiate from the eyewall, and cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds may migrate into the outer region
• The storm has a diameter of 600 to 1200 kilometres and forms over the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea, and the Indian Ocean

Extratropical cyclones. 

Formation of an ExtraTropical Cyclone: 

• The front is initially immobile
• Warm air blows from the south and cold air from the north of the front in the Northern Hemisphere
• When the pressure drops along the front, warm air goes north and cold air moves south, causing an anticlockwise cyclonic circulation to form
• A well-developed extratropical cyclone with a warm front and a cold front results from the cyclonic circulation
• Warm air glides over cold air, causing precipitation as a series of clouds form across the sky ahead of the warm front
• The warm air is pushed up by the cold front as it approaches from behind. Cumulus clouds form along the cold front as a result
• The cold front advances quicker than the warm front and eventually overtakes it
• The cyclone evaporates as the warm air is totally lifted and the front is occluded
• Wind circulation activities at the surface and aloft are intricately interrelated

Favourable Conditions for Tropical Cyclones, Extra-Tropical Cyclones etc

Tropical and ExtraTropical Cyclone

Tropical Cyclone

• Tropical cyclones form over warm tropical oceans and intensify
• Tropical cyclones are strong storms that form over tropical areas and move to coastal areas, wreaking havoc with violent winds, torrential rainfall, and storm surges. This is one of the worst natural disasters ever
• In the Indian Ocean, they are known as cyclones
• Hurricanes are forming in the Atlantic Ocean
• Typhoons are wreaking havoc in the Western Pacific and the South China Sea
• Western Australia’s willy-willies

Tropical Cyclone Favourable Conditions:

• A large area of the sea surface with a temperature above 27° C
• The Coriolis force is present
• The vertical wind speed varies slightly
• A weak low-pressure area or low-level-cyclonic circulation that already exists
• Above the sea level system, there is a higher divergence

• The condensation process in the towering cumulonimbus clouds that surround the storm’s centre provides the energy that causes the storm to intensify
• The moisture supply is cut off after the storm reaches land, and the storm evaporates
• The place where a tropical storm makes landfall on the shore is known as the cyclone’s landfall
• Cyclones that cross the 20° N latitude line often recurve, making them more destructive
• The eye, a powerful spirally revolving wind around the centre of a mature tropical cyclone, is its defining feature
• The circulating system’s diameter can range from 150 to 250 kilometres. The eye is a tranquil area with settling air
• The eyewall is a strong spiralling ascent of air to a greater height that reaches the tropopause around the eye. In this region, the wind can reach speeds of up to 250 kilometres per hour. There is a lot of rain here
• Rain bands may radiate from the eyewall, and cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds may migrate into the outer region
• The storm has a diameter of 600 to 1200 kilometres over the Bay of Bengal, Arabian Sea, and the Indian Ocean

Latitude or extratropical cyclones

Formation of an ExtraTropical Cyclone:

• The front is initially immobile
• Warm air blows from the south and cold air from the north of the front in the Northern Hemisphere
• When the pressure drops along the front, warm air goes north and cold air moves south, causing an anticlockwise cyclonic circulation to form
• A well-developed extratropical cyclone with a warm front and a cold front results from the cyclonic circulation
• Warm air glides over cold air, causing precipitation as a series of clouds form across the sky ahead of the warm front
• The warm air is pushed up by the cold front as it approaches from behind. Cumulus clouds form along the cold front as a result
• The cold front advances quicker than the warm front and eventually overtakes it
• The cyclone evaporates as the warm air is totally lifted and the front is occluded
• Wind circulation activities at the surface and aloft are intricately interrelated