What Are Central Sector Schemes

The Indian government has social welfare and social security plans for its citizens that are sponsored by the federal government, state governments, or both simultaneously. The federal government fully funds “central sector schemes,” whereas “centrally sponsored schemes” (CS) are partially supported by the federal government and implemented by the states (CSS). There are 740 central sectors (CS) initiatives in India’s Union budget for 2022. and 65 (plus or minus 7) centrally funded schemes (CSS). 

Centrally Sponsored Schemes

The Indian Union Budget 2017-18 allocated 2.78 lakh crore rupees to Centrally Sponsored Schemes. The core of the core schemes and the core schemes are the two types of CentralSponsored Schemes.

The core of the Core Schemes (consists of six schemes)

• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme
• Umbrella Programme for Development of Minorities
• Umbrella Programme for Development of Scheduled Tribes
• National Social Assistance Programme
• Umbrella Programme for Development of the Other Vulnerable Groups
• Umbrella Scheme for Development of Scheduled Castes

Core Schemes (22 schemes)

• White Revolution
• Green Revolution
• Blue Revolution
• Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) – SBM: Rural and SBM: Urban
• National Rural Drinking Water Mission
• National Health Mission (NHM) – National Urban Health Mission, National Rural Health Mission, Tertiary Care Programmes, Human Resources for the Health and Medical Education, and National AYUSH Mission
• Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna
• Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana
• National Programme of Mid-Day Meal in Schools
• Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna – PMAY: Rural and PMAY: Urban
• Integrated Child Development Services –  National Nutrition Mission, Child Protection Scheme and the Scheme for the welfare of working children in need of care and protection, Anganwadi Services, Maternity Benefit Programme, Scheme for Adolescent Girls,  National Creche Scheme
• National Education Mission – Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, Teachers Training and Adult Education, Rashtriya Uchhatar Shiksha Abhiyan
• National Health Protection Scheme- erstwhile RSSY
• National Livelihood Mission (Aajeevika) – National Rural Livelihood Mission, National Urban Livelihood Mission
• The mission for Empowerment and Protection for Women
• Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rurban Mission
• Environment, Forestry, and Wildlife
• Jobs and Skill Development
• Infrastructure Facilities for Judiciary
• Border Area Development Programme
• Urban Rejuvenation Mission: AMRUT – that stands for Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and the Urban Transformation & Smart Cities Mission
• Modernisation of Police Forces

What are Central Sector Schemes

All initiatives wholly sponsored and implemented by the Central Agencies are included in the Central Sector Schemes. 

Central Sector Schemes now have a larger budget allocation than centrally sponsored schemes (6.67 lakh crore rupees).

The Economic sector allocations, general sector allocations, social sector allocations, grants-in-aid, and subsidy schemes are all examples of central sector schemes (Fertilizer, Food, Fuel, and others).

Major Central Sector Schemes 

1. Bharat net
2. Member of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme
3. National Social Assistance Programme
4. MRTS and Metro Projects
5. Namami Gange-National Ganga Plan
6. Interest subsidy for short-term credit to farmers
7. Crop Insurance Scheme
8. National AIDS and STD Control Programme
9. LPG connection to poor households
10. Kala Sanskriti Vikas Yojana
11. Promotion of Electronics and IT HW manufacturing (EDF, MSIPS, and Manufacturing Clusters)
12. Duty Drawback Scheme
13. National Coastal Zone Management Programme
14. Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana and the other Credit Guarantee Funds
15. Interest Equalisation Scheme
16. India Post Payments Bank
17. Price Stabilisation Fund
18. Recapitalisation of Public Sector Banks
19. National Scheme for Incentives to Girl Child for Secondary Education
20. National Means cum Merit Scholarship Scheme
21. Stand-Up India (through NCGTC)
22. Interest Subsidy and contribution for Guarantee Funds
23. Family Welfare Scheme
24. National Mission on Food Processing (SAMPDA)
25. e-courts Phase II
26. Credit Support Programme
27. Prime Minister Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP)
28. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojna
29. Capacity Building- Panchayat Sashaktikaran Abhiyaan (PSA)
30. Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana
31. Police Infrastructure
32. Scholarship for College and University Students
33. Labour Welfare Schemes
34. Integrated Power Development Scheme
35. Pradhan Mantri Paridhan Rojgar Protsahan Yojna (PMPRPY)
36. Remission of State Levies (ROSL)
37. Assistance to the Disabled Persons for Purchase or Fitting of Aids and Appliances
38. Integrated Development of Tourist Circuits around specific themes (Swadesh Darshan)
39. Amended Technology Upgradation Fund Scheme (ATUFS)
40. Construction of New Lines
41. Road Safety Works
42. National Fellowship for SCs
43. National Fellowship and the Scholarship for Higher Education of ST Students
44. Assistance to Promotion of Sports Excellence
45. Khelo India
46. The Industrial Development Scheme, 2017
47. North-East Industrial Development Scheme (NEIDS) 2017
48. The North-East Industrial Development Scheme (NEIDS) 2017 was authorised by the Union Cabinet in March 2018.
49. The goal is to encourage industrialisation in the North Eastern Region (NER), especially Sikkim, to increase employment and revenue.
50. Implementation Period: Up to March 2020, the project has been approved with a cash outlay of Rs.3000 crores.
51. Incentives: New MSME industrial units established in the North Eastern States, including Sikkim, would be eligible for the following incentives:
52. Central Capital Investment Incentive for Access to Credit (CCIIAC)

• Central Interest Incentive (Cll)
• Central Comprehensive Insurance Incentive (CCII)
• Goods and Service Tax (GST) Reimbursement
• Income-Tax (IT) Reimbursement
• Transport Incentive (TI)

Industrial Development scheme, 2017  of Jammu and Kashmir

Aim: To take industrial development to the block level in the Union Territory (UT) of J and K, for the first time in any Government of India Industrial Incentive Scheme, to achieve more sustainable and balanced industrial growth throughout the whole UT.

Beneficiaries: The scheme appeals to small and large industrial enterprises.

Expenditure: For 2020-21 to 2036-37, the financial outlay is Rs. 28,400 crores (17 years).

J&K’s Role in Implementation: The system envisions the UT of J&K playing a larger role in the scheme’s registration and operation, as well as sufficient checks and balances in the form of an independent audit agency before claims are granted.

Conclusion

Several succeeding administrations’ plans have proven to be successful, while others have proven to be ineffective. Despite several schemes and programs to alleviate hunger, nutrition remains a serious problem. The Supreme Court has advised the government to consider the financial implications of its plans. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act of 2009, for example, cited a shortage of both schools and instructors. The Modi government’s biggest social initiatives, including Namami Gange and Ayushman Bharat, have received more funding than they have spent since their start. 

Identifying who and how to transmit plan benefits is a major issue. [166] The Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) declared Beti Bachao Beti Padhao a failure in 2017 according to its own goals.