Schemes/Programmes

There are several social welfare and social security programmes run by the Government of India for the citizens of India. These programmes are either sponsored by the Central Government of India, the State Governments of India, or both. “central sector schemes” (CS) are programmes that are entirely financed by the central government, and “centrally sponsored schemes” (CS) are programmes that are primarily financed by the centre but are run by the states (CSS). There are 740 different central sectors (CS) initiatives included in the Union budget of India for 2022. and 65+7+ initiatives that are financed by the central government (CSSs).

The union government planned to restructure, modernise, and rationalise these 131 CSSs by the end of the next year, having started with them in February 2021. In the year 2022, there were 65 CSSs that had collective funding of 442,781 crores, which is equivalent to 58 billion US dollars.

The implementation of government programmes varies from programme to programme and from area to location. It also depends on a variety of elements, including the evaluation process, awareness, accessibility, acceptance, and capabilities for last-mile implementation. The National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog), the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, and the Comptroller and Auditor General of India are examples of government bodies that conduct assessments and audits.

DAY-NRLM

Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana — National Urban Livelihood Mission is what “DAY-NULM” refers to in its full name.

Through the establishment of robust institutions of the poor at the grassroots level, the goal is to alleviate the poverty and precariousness of urban poor households by making it possible for them to gain access to opportunities for gainful self-employment and skilled wage employment, thereby resulting in an appreciable improvement in the quality of life they can enjoy on a long-term basis.

In a stepwise approach, the mission would work toward the goal of providing urban homeless people with shelters that are fully stocked with basic services.

In addition, the mission would address the concerns of urban street vendors regarding their means of subsistence by providing urban street vendors with easier access to suitable spaces, institutional credit, social security, and the skills necessary to take advantage of emerging market opportunities.

NRLM is now known as DAY-NRLM (Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission), and it is the flagship programme of the Government of India for promoting poverty reduction through building strong institutions of the poor, particularly women, and enabling these institutions to access a range of financial services and livelihoods services. This change took effect on March 29, 2016, and the program’s previous name was NRLM (National Rural Livelihoods Mission).

SAGY

The Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana is a rural development programme that has a broad focus on the development that is taking place in the villages. This development includes social development, cultural development, and the spreading of motivation among the people on social mobilisation of the village community. On October 11, 2014, a programme known as Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY) was initiated with the intention of turning Mahatma Gandhi’s expansive vision of an ideal Indian village into a reality while taking into account the circumstances of the present day. Under the SAGY programme, every member of parliament takes on the responsibility of adopting a Gram Panchayat and guiding its overall advancement, giving equal weight to the development of social infrastructure as well as physical infrastructure. The ‘Adarsh Grams’ are going to transform into local government and development training centres, serving as models for other Gram Panchayats.

Under the direction of a member of parliament, a plan for the development of a village is formulated with the participation of the inhabitants and the application of scientific instruments. This Yojana is distinguished from others in that it has the following characteristics:

Demand-led, society-inspired, participatory, and driven by inspiration from the public

NSAP

In the form of social pensions, the National Social Help Programme (NSAP), which is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme of the Government of India, offers monetary aid to senior citizens, widows, and people with disabilities. This assistance is provided by the Government of India.

According to Article 41 of the Constitution of India, the State is obligated to provide public assistance to its citizens in the event of “unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement and in other cases of undeserved want within the limit of its economic capacity and development.” In other words, this assistance must be provided “within the limit of its economic capacity and development.”

The programme is managed by the Ministry of Rural Development under the Indian government. In contrast to other social assistance programmes, such as those in which the federal government and state governments share the financial burden, this one receives unrestricted financial support from the central government.

Presently, the National Social Assistance Program (NSAP) is made up of five different schemes. These schemes are as follows: (1) the Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS), (2) the Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS), (3) the Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS), (4) the National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS), and (5) Annapurna.

Conclusion

These kinds of communities are in need of assistance from the government in order to prevent being left behind in the development process and being cheated out of the benefits that would otherwise accrue to them due to their inability to participate in the global economy. It is necessary for the government to create safety nets for these groups and make an effort to integrate them into the process of development. They require some type of welfare assistance, preferably in the form of anti-poverty programmes, in order to have any chance of surviving, let alone thriving, in this new period of economic revolution. In addition, the economically disadvantaged do not constitute a single demographic, and the ability of different classes of the economically disadvantaged to weather the effects of economic change differed. Those who are living at or below the poverty line, as well as the poorest among the poor, are in particular need of increased government assistance.