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The “Line of Control” is the name given to the dividing line between India and Pakistan that is controlled by their respective militaries in the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir (LOC). At one point in time, it was referred to as the Ceasefire Line. The Ceasefire Line was rechristened the Line of Control (LOC) following the signing of the Simla Agreement on July 3, 1972. This line is not actually recognised as the international boundary between two countries because, as a result of the Instrument of Accession, the entire state of Jammu and Kashmir became an integral part of India legally and constitutionally.
A list of the countries that are adjacent to India
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka are the countries that are located immediately to India’s north, west, and south. India is situated in the northern latitudes of the northern hemisphere and the eastern latitudes of the eastern hemisphere longitudinally.
India’s Natural Setting and Surroundings
The total length of India’s land border is 15,200 kilometres. The mainland, the Lakshadweep Islands, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and their combined coastline make up a total of 7,516.6 kilometres of coastline. India has land borders with seven different countries: Afghanistan and Pakistan to the north-west, China, Bhutan, and Nepal to the north, Myanmar and Bangladesh to the east, and Bhutan and Nepal to the far east. Two countries that share a border with water are Sri Lanka (located in the South-East) and the Maldives (located in the South-West).
India: An Overview of Its Physical Characteristics
India occupies the southwestern region of Asia and possesses a land border that extends for 15,106.7 kilometres as well as a coastline that runs for 7,516.6 kilometres. It is located in the Eastern hemisphere longitudinally, but it is in the Northern hemisphere in terms of its latitudinal position.
India has the world’s second-largest population, making it the second-largest country overall. India is the seventh largest country in the world when measured in terms of land mass.
McMahon Line
The McMahon line is a line of demarcation that runs between Tibet and the north-eastern region of India. It was named after Lieutenant Colonel Sir Arthur Henry McMahon, who served in the British Indian Army and later became an administrator in British India. At the Shimla Convention in 1914, Colonel McMahon put forward this particular line as his suggestion for the border that divides Tibet, China, and India. It was recognised as the official boundary by the Tibetan authorities as well as British India, and it is now recognised in the same capacity by the Republic of India. On the other hand, China casts doubt on the veracity of the McMahon line. It asserts that Tibet does not possess a legitimate government, and as a result, any and all agreements reached with Tibet are deemed null and void. The line extends for a total of 890 kilometres in length.
Radcliffe Line
The Radcliffe Line was the boundary between British India and what is now Pakistan and India. Sir Cyril Radcliffe, who served as chairman of the Boundary Commissions and was also the architect of this line, is honoured with the naming of this feature. On the western side of the subcontinent, the Radcliffe Line was drawn between West Pakistan (now Pakistan) and India. On the eastern side of the subcontinent, the Radcliffe Line was drawn between India and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). The distance that the Radcliffe Line extends across is exactly 3223 kilometres. In August of 1947, it was first established.
Durand Line
The Durand Line is the name given to the boundary line that was established between India and Afghanistan by a British diplomat named Sir Mortimer Durand in the year 1896. It served as a physical barrier between British India and Afghanistan. Following the partition, Pakistan took possession of this line. However, a small portion of Afghanistan’s border is shared with the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. This only takes up a small portion of the total border. The total distance that the Durand line covers is 2,640 kilometres.
Conclusion
India’s neighbours are Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. However, in order to better understand the strategic implications, we will use Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Nepal as examples.
